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. 2020 Jul 27;6:65. doi: 10.1038/s41420-020-00304-z

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Expression analysis of ofCS between cancer-free individuals (normal) and bladder cancer patients in the UK cohort (n = 100) was carried out using the methods described previously and all data were analyzed using R. b Expression analysis of ofCS between cancer-free individuals and bladder cancer patients in the Spain cohort (n = 136). c Expression analysis of ofCS between cancer-free individuals and bladder cancer patients at the time of urine collection in the Tubingen Cohort (n = 198). d Urine samples of patients (n = 6) before and after treatment (tumor resection or cystectomy) were measured for ofCS expression and compared. Boxes represent the 25th to 75th percentile with means at the 50th percentile and whiskers extend to the highest and lowest values within 1.5× of the upper and lower quartile distance with outliers shown as dots. Mann–Whitney test: ***p < 0.001.