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. 2020 May 23;111(7):2259–2274. doi: 10.1111/cas.14453

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© 2020 The Authors. Cancer Science published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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ACER2 affects HCC cell proliferation via SMPDL3B. A, B, Upregulation of SMPDL3B rescued the downregulation of ACER2‐mediated cell growth inhibition. C, D, Downregulation of SMPDL3B inhibited ACER2 overexpression‐mediated cell proliferation. Error bars represent the SD from 3 independent experiments, and statistical significance was analyzed using Student t test (*P < .05, ** or ##P < .01, *** or ###P < .001). Asterisk: Control shRNA + Vector vs ACER2 shRNA + Vector, or GFP + NC siRNA vs GFP‐ACER2 + NC siRNA; octothorpe: ACER2 shRNA + Vector vs ACER2 shRNA + SMPDL3B, or GFP‐ACER2 + NC siRNA vs GFP‐ACER2 + SMPDL3B siRNA (applicable below)