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. 2020 Jul 21;14:765. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00765

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Copyright © 2020 Paton, Biggerstaff, Kaska, Crowley, La Flamme, Prisinzano and Kivell.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Local adminstration of 16-Ethynyl SalA produced antinocieptive effects in the intraplantar 2% formaldehyde assay. (A) Time course of pain-related behavior following intraplantar 2% formaldehyde injection into the right hind paw. 16-Ethynyl SalA (2 mg/kg i.pl.) treatment showed a significant reduction in pain-related behavior compared to the vehicle/formaldehyde-treated control. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni post-tests. (B,C) Area under the curve (AUC) analysis of phase I (B) and II (C) pain-related behaviors. 16-Ethynyl SalA reduced both phases of pain-related behavior. Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s post-tests. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 for 2 mg/kg doses vs. vehicle/formaldehyde control. Values presented as mean ± SEM, n = 6. Number in brackets indicates dose in mg/kg and F = formaldehyde i.pl. administration.