Fig. 1.

The novobiocin formulation modifies in vivo potency in Galleria mellonella larvae. Galleria larvae (n = 5 per group) were infected with Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243 (110–178 CFU) for 1 h at 37 °C and were then treated with different aminocoumarins (10 μL of 1 mg/mL stock solution) or novobiocin in different formulations as indicated. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed with Dunnett's multiple comparisons test versus (A,B) untreated larvae or (C,D) novobiocin formulation in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Representative figures from at least three independent biological replicates are shown. Error bars represent the standard deviation from the mean. ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001; ^NS, not significant.