Table 3.
Behavioral and quality of life (QoL) assessment pre- and during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy in females and males pwMS
| FEMALES | MALES | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T0 | T1 | t | p | T0 | T1 | t | p | |
| BDI-II—mean (SD) | 12.3 (9) | 9.5 (10.9) | 2.162 | .037 | 7.03 (5.2) | 7.5 (7.40) | − .510 | .614 |
| STAI-Y1—mean (SD) | 45.81 (10.8) | 45 (12.1) | .396 | .694 | 37.5 (10.7) | 41.6 (11.76) | − 2.105 | .044 |
| MSQoL-54 physical health—mean (SD) | 78.3 (26.9) | 80.7 (28.0) | − .727 | .472 | 78.7 (27.5) | 85.0 (19.10) | − 1.803 | .083 |
| MSQoL-54 limitations due to physical problems—mean (SD) | 80 (34.1) | 77.1 (35.5) | .399 | .693 | 74.1 (36.9) | 77.7 (35.57) | − .518 | .608 |
| MSQoL-54 limitations due to emotional problems—mean (SD) | 81.9 (31.8) | 67.6 (41.8) | 2.443 | .020 | 80.9 (34.5) | 67.9 (40.04) | 1.890 | .070 |
| MSQoL-54 pain—mean (SD) | 76.2 (25.9) | 77.1 (29.4) | − .171 | .865 | 74.3 (24.8) | 88.4 (16.11) | − 3.191 | .004 |
| MSQoL-54 emotional well-being—mean (SD) | 59.6 (17.7) | 60.1(22.8) | − .290 | .835 | 70.1 (17.8) | 69.7 (18.55) | .121 | .905 |
| MSQoL-54 energy—mean (SD) | 48.1 (17.7) | 44.6 (17.4) | 1.469 | .151 | 55 (18.3) | 52.7 (17.69) | .688 | .497 |
| MSQoL-54 health perceptions—mean (SD) | 52.6 (19.8) | 53.7(22.4) | − .363 | .719 | 56.8 (22.3) | 58.6 (19.99) | − .757 | .456 |
| MSQoL-54 social function—mean (SD) | 76.6 (17.6) | 82.9 (23.6) | − 2.062 | .047 | 79.2 (17.3) | 86.0 (15.56) | − 2.465 | .020 |
| MSQoL-54 cognitive function—mean (SD) | 69.7 (19) | 73.9 (24.1) | − 1.574 | .124 | 76.6 (16.7) | 74.8 (23.27) | .532 | .599 |
| MSQoL health distress—mean (SD) | 69.7 (23.7) | 70.3 (26.4) | − .226 | .823 | 76.9 (20.5) | 79.3 (19.61) | .615 | .544 |
| MSQoL sexual function—mean (SD) | 80 (29) | 87.9 (22.9) | − 1.554 | .129 | 87.5 (21.6) | 86.3 (20.69) | .239 | .813 |
| MSQoL change in health—mean (SD) | 46.5 (22.5) | 54.9 (20.5) | − 1.784 | .083 | 42.9 (22.4) | 51.8 (23.50) | − 1.441 | .161 |
| MSQoL satisfaction with sexual function—mean (SD) | 68.2(23.7) | 92.4 (15.9) | − 6.068 | < .001 | 72.3 (28.3) | 85.7 (25.84) | − 2.491 | .091 |
| MSQoL overall quality of life—mean (SD) | 59.5 (20) | 69.2 (15.5) | − 3.163 | .003 | 70.2 (21.7) | 67.4 (17.61) | .716 | .480 |
| MSQoL physical health composite score—mean (SD) | 68.8 (17.4) | 70.7 (21.5) | − .742 | .463 | 72 (18.5) | 75.7 (17.39) | − 1.430 | .164 |
| MSQoL mental health composite score—mean (SD) | 68.5 (15.9) | 67 (22.8) | .680 | .501 | 74.4(19.5) | 70.9 (20.65) | 1.097 | .283 |
Values at T0 and T1 are expressed as mean (standard deviation). T0 before the lockdown, T1 during the lockdown, t paired sample t test, p probability value, BDI-II Beck Depression Inventory, second edition, STAI-Y1 State Anxiety section of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, MSQoL-54 Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54. Significant values (p < 0.05) are reported in bold. Significant values after Benjamini–Hochberg procedure are underlined