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[Preprint]. 2020 Jul 16:3652322. [Version 1] doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3652322

Figure 1. Early loss of germinal centers and Bcl-6 expressing B cells in COVID-19 thoracic lymph nodes.

Figure 1.

(A) Hematoxylin–eosin staining of lymph nodes from early (left) and late (right) COVID-19 patients. (B) Low-power images of CD3 (red), CD19 (green), Bcl-6 (orange) and DAPI (blue) staining in a lymph node from a late COVID-19 patient (left) and control (right). (C) Representative multi-color immunofluorescence images of CD3 (red), CD19 (green), Bcl-6 (orange) and AID (purple) staining in lymph nodes from early (left) and late (middle) COVID-19 patients and controls (right). (D and E) Absolute numbers of CD19+ B cells (D) and CD3+ T cells (E) in lymph nodes from early (purple) (n = 5) and late (blue) (n = 6) COVID-19 patients and controls (green and orange) (n = 12). Controls include lymph nodes (n = 2) and tonsils (n = 10). Orange dots mark lymph nodes and green dots mark tonsils. (F and G) Relative proportion of Bcl6+ B cells (F) and AID+ B cells (G) among CD19+ B cells in lymph nodes from early (purple) (n = 5) and late (blue) (n = 6) COVID-19 patients and controls (green and orange) (n = 12). LN= Lymph node. Multiple comparisons are controlled for by Kruskal-Wallis test. Error bars represent mean ±SEM. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.