Table 3.

Association of CD38 polymorphisms and prognosis of CLL.

First author, year of study	Country	Case/Control	Method	Evaluated SNPs	Results	Refs
Jamroziak, 2009	Polish Caucasian	460/503	RFLP-PCR, ARMS-PCR, Flow cytometry	rs6449182 rs1800561	- rs6449182 G and rs1800561 T alleles are associated with high expression of CD38 as well as increased risk of B-CLL.	30
Aydin, 2008	Italy	248/232	PCR, FACS, FISH	rs6449182	- In combination analysis, the patient with rs6449182 G allele harboring high level of ZAP70 expression has unfavorable prognostic marker. - rs6449182 G allele was associated with clinical and laboratory markers including increased LDH level, higher lymph node involvement and splenomegaly. - rs6449182 G allele may represent an independent risk factor for RS development.	32
Abramenko, 2012	Ukrainian	328/271	RFLP-PCR	rs6449182	- GG genotype is associated with dyslipidemia such as increase in LDL which is an antigenic stimulus for B-cells prior to or after neoplastic transformation.	31

PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PCR-RFLP, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism; FACS, fluorescence-activated cell sorter; FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization; LDL, low density lipoprotein; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; RS, Richter syndrome.