Table 2.
Biological differences among anti-PD1 and anti-PD-L1.
| Anti-PD-1 | Anti-PD-L1 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Nivolumab | Pembrolizumab | Pidilizumab | AMP-224 | Atezolizumab | Durvalumab | Avelumab | BMS-936559 |
| Humanized | - | ✓ | ✓ | - | ✓ | - | - | - |
| Fully human | ✓ | - | - | - | - | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Ig subclass | IgG4 | IgG4 | IgG1 | Fusion protein | IgG1 mod. | IgG1 mod. | IgG1 | IgG4 |
| ADCC/CDC | -- | -- | ✓ | ✓ | - | - | ✓ | - |
| PD-1 affinity | +/++ | +++ | + | ? | +/++ | ++ | +++ | ++ |
| PD-1 engagement | 50 μg/mL (75%) | 10 μg/mL (60%) | NA | NA | ≥70% | ≥70% after 1 cycle of 10 or 20 mg/kg Q2W | 1 μg/mL after 1 cycle | NA (95%) |
| Half-life | 26.7 days | 26 days | - | - | 27 days | 12 days | 6.1 days | - |
| Vd | 8 L | 7.5 L | - | - | 6.9 L | 5.6 L | 4.72 L | - |
| Clearance | 9.4 ml/h | 9.2 mL/h | - | - | 9.4 ml/h | 8.24 ml/h | 24.6 ml/h | - |
ADCC/CDC, antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity/complement dependent cytotoxicity; Ig, immunoglobulin; mod., modified; PD-1, programmed cell death 1; PD-L1, programmed cell death ligand 1; Vd, volume of distribution.