Table 1.
Previous basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in the colorectum (review of the literature)
| Ref. | Age/gender | Tumor location | Tumor size, cm | Operation methods | Depth of invasion | Lymph node metastasis | Systemic metastasis | Treatment after surgery | Survival, mo | Immune positive | Immune negative |
| Strate et al[7], 1977 | 59/F | Sigmoid | 7 × 1.5 | palliating colectomy, colostomy | Subserosa | Yes | Liver | NA | 0 | PTH, ACTH | NA |
| Hall-Craggs et al[8], 1982 | 69/F | Sigmoid | 4 × 2 | excised colon | Serosa | No | Liver | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Indinnimeo et al[9], 1998 | 61/F | Rectum | 6 × 5 × 7 | APR | Serosa | No | No | Radiotherapy Chemotherapy (cisplatin plus 5-FU) | 19 | ki67, CD31 | NA |
| Newell et al[5], 2001 | 54/M | Splenic flexure | 10 | palliative resection | Serosa | Yes | Liver | NA | 0.3 | Low/high-molecular weight keratin, CK 5/6, EMA, NSE | CK 7, CK 20, CEA, vimentin, desmin, SMA, chromogranin, synaptophysin, serotonin, PTH, ACTH, calcitonin, gastrin, glucagon, VIP, PP, CD34, somatostatin |
| Garcia-higuera et al[12], 2002 | 67/M | Recto-sigmoid | 3.5 × 3.2 | Anterior resection | Serosa | Yes | Liver, lung | Radiotherapy Chemotherapy (cisplatin plus 5-FU) | 6 | NA | NA |
| Jaswal et al[13], 2002 | 24/F | Descending colon | 3 × 2.5 | Left hemicolectomy | Serosa | Yes | Liver, para-aortic and iliac lymph nodes | NA | 3 | NA | NA |
| Akbulut et al[10], 2009 | 23/M | Recto-sigmoid | 8 × 8.5 | Hartmann`s operation | Serosa | NA | NA | Radiotherapy Chemotherapy (irinotecan) | 5 | High-molecular weight keratin, p63 | NA |
| Ha et al[14], 2013 | 70/M | Recto-sigmoid | 6.0 × 7.0 | Low anterior resection | Serosa | NA | Liver, lung | NA | Loss the follow up | NA | NA |
| Gurzu et al[11], 2014 | 61/F | Sigmoid | 3.5 × 2.5 | Anterior resection | Subserosa | No | Liver | Chemotherapy (FOLFOX plus bevacizumab) | 4 | Pan-CK, CK 5/6, EMA, NSE, bcl-2, VEGF, CD105, p53 | CK 7, CK 20, CEA, chromogranin, p63, c-KIT, maspin |
| Our case | 58/F | Recto-sigmoid | 10 × 4 × 4 | Low anterior resection, PLND, diverting ileostomy, TAH with BSO | Serosa | No | No | Chemotherapy (Mitomycin C plus 5-FU) | 96 | CK7, p63, Pan-CK | CK20, CD34. CD117, Vimentin, CD56, WT-1, Calretinin, SMA, CD99, Synaptophysin, TTF-1, CDX2, desmin. S-100 protein |
LN: Lymph node; APR: Abdominoperineal resection; PLND: Pelvic lymph node dissection; TAH: Transabdominal hysterectomy; BSO: Bilateral salphingo-oophorectomy; 5-FU: 5-fluorouracil; FOLFOX: Oxaliplatin with 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid; EMA: Epithelial membrane antigen; NSE: Neuron specific enolase; PTH: Parathyroid hormone; ACTH: Adrenocorticotropic hormone; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; SMA: Smooth muscle antigen; PTH: Parathyroid hormone; VIP: Vasoactive intestinal peptide; PP: Pancreatic polypeptide; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; WT-1: Wilms' tumor protein; TTF-1: Thyroid transcription factor 1; CDX2: Caudal type homeobox 2; NA: Not available.