Table I.
Characteristics of the study population of patients tested for COVID-19
| Characteristics | Patients with IMID on IS therapy (N = 213) |
|---|---|
| Age, y, mean ± SD | 53 ± 15 |
| Age >65 y, n (%) | 50 (23.5) |
| Female sex, n (%) | 155 (72.8) |
| Race or ethnic group, n (%) | |
| White | 112 (52.6) |
| Black | 74 (34.7) |
| Hispanic | 3 (1.4) |
| Asian | 2 (0.9) |
| Middle Eastern | 3 (1.4) |
| Other/unknown | 19 (8.9) |
| COVID-19 positive, n (%) | 77 (36.2) |
| Hydroxychloroquine use, n (%)∗ | 28 (13.1) |
| IS medication class, n (%)† | |
| Biologics | 96 (45.1) |
| TNF-α inhibitors | 56 (26.3) |
| TNF-α inhibitor monotherapy | 45 (21.1) |
| IL-17 inhibitors | 7 (3.3) |
| IL-12/23 inhibitors | 7 (3.3) |
| Biologic monotherapy | 73 (34.3) |
| DMARDs | 138 (64.8) |
| Apremilast | 10 (4.7) |
| Azathioprine | 25 (11.7) |
| Methotrexate | 65 (30.5) |
| Methotrexate monotherapy | 45 (21.1) |
| Mycophenolate | 23 (10.8) |
| DMARD monotherapy | 100 (46.9) |
| Multidrug therapy‡ | 40 (18.8) |
| Systemic corticosteroids∗ | 22 (10.3) |
| Comorbidity class, n (%) | |
| Cardiac | 109 (51.2) |
| Pulmonary | 75 (35.2) |
| Renal | 11 (5.2) |
| Gastrointestinal | 45 (21.1) |
| Endocrine | 133 (62.4) |
| Cancer | 11 (5.2) |
| IMID classification, n (%) | |
| Rheumatoid arthritis/spondylitis | 72 (33.8) |
| Psoriasis/psoriatic arthritis | 29 (13.6) |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 38 (17.8) |
| SLE/DM, PM/MCTD/ILD/Scl | 33 (15.5) |
| Others§ | 45 (21.1) |
DM, Dermatomyositis; DMARD, disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; IL, interleukin; ILD, interstitial lung disease; IMID, immune-mediated inflammatory disease; IS, immunosuppressive; MCTD, mixed connective tissue disease; PM, polymyositis; Scl, scleroderma and systemic sclerosis; SD, standard deviation; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.
Concomitant use with IS medication.
Any patient taking a medication from a therapeutic class (Supplemental Table I) was included in the respective group, regardless of additional medications taken. Biologics and DMARDs were further subcategorized as shown. Monotherapy designates a patient using a medication without an additional biologic or DMARD. Therapeutics with fewer than 5 patients treated are not shown.
Patients taking medications from both the biologics and DMARD groups or multiple DMARDs within the IMID cohort were also included in the multidrug therapy group.
Others includes patients treated with IS therapy for autoimmune blistering conditions, autoimmune hepatitis, atopic conditions, hidradenitis suppurativa, myasthenia gravis, sarcoidosis, urticaria, and uveitis.