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. 2020 Jul 27;11:28. doi: 10.1186/s13100-020-00223-x

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — Some examples of TE insertion impact on genes. a) The FWA locus is repressed in vegetative tissues and the parentally-derived allele through an epigenetic mechanism induced by an old SINE insertion. Ectopic expression of the locus in a demethylated context causes a late-flowering phenotype. b) The FLC locus has a lower expression in the Ler accession caused by a Mutator-like insertion that affects the mRNA structure. c) The BONSAI locus is repressed by the loss of methylation of a LINE element inserted downstream. The TE is transcriptionally reactivated and produces small RNAs that repress the APC13-like gene to provoke a Bonsai phenotype