TABLE 2.
Paired t-tests by group for depression and physiological measures at baseline and post-assessment.
|
IG |
CG |
|||||||||
| M (SD) | M (SD) | t | |d| | M (SD) | M (SD) | t | |d| | F | ||
| Pre | Post | Pre | Post | |||||||
| BDI-II total | 21.59 (12.51) | 9.18 (10.13) | 7.565** | 1.30 | 19.97 (14.04) | 12.5 (11.11) | 4.621** | 0.79 | 4.602* | 0.065 |
| BDI-II cog | 6.77 (5.85) | 2.88 (3.95) | 5.468** | 0.94 | 7.06 (6.38) | 4.38 (4.56) | 3.882** | 0.67 | 1.485 | 0.022 |
| BDI-II soma | 13.74 (6.96) | 5.82 (6.23) | 7.566** | 1.30 | 11.88 (7.78) | 7.44 (6.56) | 4.846** | 0.83 | 6.230* | 0.086 |
| HR bpm | 66.69 (11.11) | 67.60 (11.60) | –0.593 | 0.10 | 68.50 (11.08) | 69.37 (11.34) | –0.459 | 0.08 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| BF cpm | 13.15 (3.63) | 9.81 (2.86) | 5.039** | 0.86 | 13.52 (4.77) | 12.42 (3.91) | 2.039* | 0.35 | 6.928* | 0.094 |
| lnSDNN ms | 3.38 (0.45) | 3.42 (0.54) | –0.432 | 0.07 | 3.42 (.44) | 3.42 (.53) | –0.024 | 0.004 | 0.105 | 0.002 |
| rSDNN ms | 32.50 (15.18) | 35.22 (21.55) | 33.66 (17.06) | 34.58 (18.33) | ||||||
| lnRMSSD ms | 3.10 (0.63) | 3.00 (0.65) | 1.003 | 0.17 | 2.92 (0.60) | 2.93 (0.68) | –0.148 | 0.025 | 0.377 | 0.012 |
| rRMSSD ms | 27.02 (18.54) | 24.68 (18.96) | 22.52 (16.55) | 24.04 (20.50) | ||||||
| lnLF ms2 | 5.25 (1.19) | 5.86 (1.39) | −2.636* | 0.45 | 5.39 (1.29) | 5.52 (1.40) | –0.696 | 0.12 | 2.468 | 0.036 |
| rLF ms2 | 340.77 (347.43) | 1051.14 (2610.37) | 563.53 (1252.44) | 549.93 (934.77) | ||||||
| lnHF ms2 | 5.25 (1.37) | 4.85 (1.37) | 1.630 | 0.28 | 4.66 (1.42) | 4.79 (1.56) | –0.662 | 0.11 | 2.860 | 0.041 |
| rHF ms2 | 492.60 (814.66) | 334.96 (587.88) | 322.70 (582.84) | 380.42 (696.35) | ||||||
| lnGR | 1.18 (0.73) | 1.72 (0.96) | −3.547* | 0.61 | 1.40 (0.91) | 1.54 (0.88) | –1.291 | 0.22 | 4.736* | 0.066 |
| rGR | 4.09 (2.70) | 9.05 (11.30) | 6.08 (6.53) | 6.74 (6.74) | ||||||
Additional F-statistics for the interaction effects in the mixed ANOVAs. BDI-II total, Beck Depression Inventory II overall score; BDI-II cog, score in the cognitive subscale of the Beck Depression Inventory II; BDI-II soma, score in the somatic-affective subscale of the Beck Depression Inventory II; HR, heart rate; bpm, beats per minute; BF, breathing frequency; cpm, cycles per minute; ms, milliseconds; ms2, milliseconds squared; ln, natural logarithmic normalization of the data; r, raw values; lnSDNN, logarithmized standard deviation of all normal-to-normal RR intervals; lnRMSSD, logarithmized root mean square of successive differences between normal heartbeats; lnLF, logarithmized low-frequency HRV; lnHF, logarithmized high-frequency HRV; lnGR, logarithmized grade of rhythmization; *indicates p < 0.05. **indicates p < 0.001.