a, Human IgE N-linked glycosylation sites: complex biantennary glycans closed circles, oligomannose hatched circles, unoccupied X; blue squares, GlcNAc; green circles, mannose; red triangle, fucose; yellow circles, galactose; maroon diamonds, sialic acid. b, c, Total IgE titers (b) and allergen-specific IgE levels (c) in non-atopic (blue, n = 17) and allergic (red, n = 13) subjects. d-h, gMS quantified glycan moieties per IgE molecule in non-atopic (blue) and peanut allergic (red) individuals; mannose (d, non-atopic n = 15, allergic n = 14), fucose (e, non-atopic n = 10, allergic n = 11), biGlcNAc (f, non-atopic n = 10, allergic n = 11), galactose (g, non-atopic n = 14, allergic n = 19), and sialic acid (h, non-atopic n = 9, allergic n = 11). i, ROC for total IgE glycan moieties isolated from allergic versus non-atopic subjects. Sialic acid (non-atopic n = 9, allergic n = 11); galactose (non-atopic n = 14, allergic n = 19); fucose (non-atopic n = 14, allergic n = 15); biGlcNAc (non-atopic n = 14, allergic n = 19); oligomannose (non-atopic n = 15, allergic n = 14). j, gMS analysis of site-specific N-glycan structures on total IgE from non-atopic (N; N140 n = 11, N168 n = 13, N218 n = 11, N265, N371, N394 n = 12) and allergic (A; N140 n = 11, N168 n = 15, N218 n = 17, N265 n = 18, N371 n = 14, N394 n = 12) individuals. Representative glycan structures per group are detailed in Extended Data Fig. 1h. Data are mean ± s.e.m. (b, c, j), median (solid line) and interquartile range (dotted line) (d-h); two-tailed unpaired t-test (b, d-h), two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s (c) or Tukey’s multiple comparison test (j).