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. 2020 Jul 21;11(7):e00213. doi: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000213

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© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of The American College of Gastroenterology

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work, provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

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Figure 4. — Taxonomic alpha and beta diversities in the gut microbial community in families with familial inflammatory bowel disease. (a) the alpha-diversity of gut microbial composition in each study subject was estimated based on Shannon index and box-plotted according the individual phenotypes-unaffected FDRs (denoted as unaffected) and patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease. There was a significant difference in alpha diversity between inflammatory bowel disease patients and unaffected FDRs (P value = 0.022; Kruskal-Wallis test). (b) the beta-diversity of bacterial composition between individuals was measured using a principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) with the weighted UniFrac algorithm and plotted based on PCoA axis 1 and 2 that, respectively, explained 39.2% and 27.2% of the variance in bacterial community of the study subjects. The significant differences in bacterial community was not observed between the patients and unaffected FDRs (P value > 0.05; PERMANOVA). CD, Crohn disease; FDR, first-degree relative; PERMANOVA, permutational multivariate analysis of variance; UC, ulcerative colitis.