Table 3.

Resume of the different methods described here for drug repurposing.

Authors	Target	Method	Examples of drugs identified	Ref.
Jin et al.	Mpro	virtual screening	cinanserin	[93]
Khan et al.	Mpro	molecular docking + molecular dynamics	remdesivir, saquinavir, darunavir	[97]
Tsuji	Mpro	virtual screening	sulfamethizole, sulfathiazole, kanamycin, droperidol	[98]
Hall & Ji	Mpro	in silico docking	zanamivir, indinavir, saquinavir, remdesivir	[99]
Joshi et al.	Mpro	virtual screening	d-viniferin, myricitrin, afzelin, hesperidin	[100]
Jiang et al.	nsp16	molecular docking	MK3207, rimegepant, entrectinib, bolazine, hesperidin	[115]
Sharma et al.	nsp16	homology modeling + virtual screening	saquinavir, indinavir	[116]
Khan et al.	nsp16	homology modeling + virtual screening	dolutegravir, bictegravir	[117]
de Oliveira et al.	S	molecular docking	ivermectine, quinupristin, acetyldigitoxin	[120]
Wei et al.	S	virtual screening	raltegravir, digotoxin	[122]
Villoutreix et al.	S	molecular docking	sulconazole	[123]
Borgio et al.	nsp13	homology modeling + virtual screening	vapreotide, atazanavir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, saquinavir, indinavir, atazanavir	[125]
Hillen et al.	nsp12	molecular docking	saquinavir, tipranavir, lonafarnib, tegobuvir	[126]
Arya et al.	nsp3	homology modeling + virtual screening	biltricide, cinacalcet, procainamide, terbinafine	[129]
Wu et al.	several	homology modeling + virtual screening	ribavirin, valganciclovir, lymecycline, chlorhexidine, ceftibuten	[130]
Beck et al.	several	homology modeling + virtual screening	atazanavir, remdesivir, efavirenz, ritonavir	[131]
Gordon et al.	several	PPI network-based protein–drug association	zotatifin, ternatin-4, haloperidol, PB28, hydroxychloroquine	[84]
Gysi et al.	several	PPI network-based protein-drug association + AI	isoniazid, troleandomicyn, cilostazol, chloroquine	[135]
Zhou et al.	several	predicted PPI network-based protein-drug association	mesalazine, toremifene, eplerenone, paroxetine	[137]