Table 3.
Heavy metals, total aflatoxins, and pesticide residues of vegetable wastes of households and marketplace.
| Parameters | VW of households | VW of marketplace | SEM | P- value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total chromium (ng kg−1DM) | 13.27 | 31.01 | 0.17 | < 0.01 |
| Lead (ng kgDM−1) | 1.53 | 5.71 | 0.55 | < 0.01 |
| Total aflatoxins (µg kg−1DM) | 3.08 | n.d. | – | – |
| Organochlorine pesticides (µg kg−1DM) | n.d. | n.d. | – | – |
| Organophosphorus pesticides (µg kg−1DM) | n.d. | n.d. | – | – |
| Metalaxyl (µg kg−1DM) | 5.13 | 17.53 | 1.01 | < 0.05 |
| Carbofuran (µg kg−1DM) | 4.76 | 9.67 | 0.62 | > 0.05 |
VW, vegetable wastes; SEM, standard error of mean; P > 0.05, not significant; n.d., not detected; Organochlorine pesticides include α, β, γ, and δ benzene hexachloride; Heptachlor, Aldrin, Heptachlor Epoxide, α and γ Chlordane, α Endosulfan Sulphate, Methoxychlor and Endrin; Organophosphorus pesticides include Methamidophos, Acephate, Ethoprophes, Dimethoate, Diazinon, Methyl Parathion, Fenitrothion, Malathion, Fenthion, Chlorpyrifos, Quinalphos, Methidathion, Fenamiphos, Ethion, Cypermethrin, Propioconazole, Acibenzolar-S-methyl, Boscalid, Carbaryl, Clohianidin, Cyromazine, Dimethomorph, Formetanate HCl, Imazalil, Indoxacarb, Methomyl, Myclobutanil, Omethoate, Piperonylbutoxide, Propamocarb, Pyridaben, Spinosad, Thiabendazole, Thiophanate-methyl, Acetamiprid, Azoxystrobin, Buprofezin, Cymoxanil, Derotophos, Dinotefuran, Etoxazole, Hexythiazox, Imodacioprid, Linuron, Methamidophos, Monocrotophos, Prochloraz, Propargite, Pyraclostrobin, Pyrimethanil, Spiromesifen, Thiamethoxam, Trifloxystrobin.