| Trial ID | Intervention(s) and comparator(s) | Participants included in analysis (N) | Participants with at least one hypoglycaemic episode (N) | Participants with at least one hypoglycaemic episode (%) | Participants with at least one nocturnal hypoglycaemic episode (N) | Participants with at least one nocturnal hypoglycaemic episode (% participants) | Participants with at least one severe/serious hypoglycaemic episode (N) | Participants with at least one severe/serious hypoglycaemic episode (%) |
| Bilezikian 2013 | I: metformin | 111 | 16 | 14.4 | — | — | — | — |
| C1: rosiglitazone | 114 | 16 | 14.0 | — | — | — | — | |
| Campbell 1994 | I: metformin | 24 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| C1: glipizide | 24 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | |
| Derosa 2003 | I: metformin | 56 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| C1: repaglinide | 56 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | |
| Derosa 2004 | I: metformin | 83a | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| C1: glimepiride | 81a | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | |
| Derosa 2009 | I: metformin | 67 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| C1: rosiglitazone | 69 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Erem 2014 | I: metformin | 19 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| C1: gliclazide | 19 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | |
| C2: pioglitazone | 19 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | |
| Kahn 2006 | I: metformin | 1454 | 167 | 11.5 | — | — | 1 | 0.1 |
| C1: rosiglitazone | 1456 | 141 | 9.7 | — | — | 1 | 0.1 | |
| C2: glibenclamide | 1441 | 549 | 38.1 | — | — | 8 | 0.6 | |
| Kiyici 2009 | I: metformin | 16 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| C1: rosiglitazone | 19 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | |
| C2: no intervention | 15 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | |
| Onuchin 2010 | I: metformin | 46 | ‐b | — | — | — | — | — |
| C1: insulin | 45 | ‐b | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Pfützner 2011 | I: metformin | 328 | 20 | 6.1 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| C1: saxagliptin | 335 | 7 | 2.1 | — | — | 0 | 0 | |
| Rahman 2011 | I: metformin | 102 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| C1: glimepiride | 102 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Schernthaner 2004 | I: metformin | 597 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| C1: pioglitazone | 597 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Schweizer 2007c | I: metformin | 252 | 1 | 0.4 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| C1: vildagliptin | 519 | 3 | 0.6 | — | — | 0 | 0 | |
| Teupe 1991 | I: metformin | 50 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| C1: no intervention | 50 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| UKPDS 34 1998c | I: metformin | — | 16 | — | — | — | 1 | — |
| C1: glibenclamide | — | 52 | — | — | — | 1 | — | |
| C2: insulin | — | 56 | — | — | — | 3 | — | |
| Umpierrez 2014 | I: metformin | 268 | 34 | 12.7 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| C1: dulaglutide (1.5 mg/week) | 269 | 33 | 12.3 | — | — | 0 | 0 | |
| C2: dulaglutide (0.75 mg/week) | 270 | 30 | 11.1 | — | — | 0 | 0 | |
| Williams‐Herman 2010 | I: metformin (1000 mg/day) | 182 | 3 | 1.6 | — | — | 2 | 1.1 |
| I2: metformin (2000 mg/day) | 182 | 4 | 2.2 | — | — | 0 | 0 | |
| C1: sitagliptin | 179 | 2 | 1.1 | — | — | 0 | 0 | |
| Yamanouchi 2005 | I: metformin | 39 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| C1: pioglitazone | 38 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | |
| C2: glimepiride | 37 | 1 | 2.7 | — | — | 0 | 0 | |
| —: denotes not reported aWe did not use the per‐protocol population, since it excluded participants that did not finish the trial. bIn the metformin arm hypoglycaemia occurred less than once a week, while in the insulin arm they occurred several times a week and/or day for 48% of participants cAll results are from the initial 52 week intervention period C: comparator; I: intervention; N: number of participants; UKPDS: United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study. | ||||||||
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