Table 1.
Genetic prognostic markers in international prospective clinical trials of pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia.
| Study group (protocol no.) | Unfavorable prognostic markers | Favorable prognostic markers |
|---|---|---|
| Children’s Oncology Group (AAML1831) | inv(3)(q21q26.3)–MECOM-RPN1 fusion | t(8;21)(q22;q22) RUNX1-RUNX1T1 |
| t(6;9)(p23;q34.1)(DEKDEK-NUP214) | inv(16)/t(16;16)(p13.1q22) CBFB-MYH11 | |
| Monosomy 7 | NPM1 mutations | |
| Monosomy 5/5q | Biallelic CEBPA mutation | |
| Monosomy 5/5q-[EGR1(5q31)deleted] | ||
| KMT2A(MLL)(11q23.3) | ||
| -t(4;11)(q21;q23) | ||
| -t(6;11)(q27;q23) | ||
| -t(10;11)(p11.2;q23) | ||
| -t(10;11)(p12;q23) | ||
| -t(11;19)(q23;p13.3) | ||
| NUP98(11p15.5) | ||
| 12p: Rearrangement or loss of ETV6 | ||
| t(16;21)(p11;q22)(FUS-ERG) | ||
| FLT3/ITD+with allelic ratio>0.1% | ||
| CBFA2T3-GLIS2 | ||
| RAM phenotype | ||
| KAT6A (8p11.21) Fusion (10p12)(for patients who are 90 days or older) | ||
| Non-KMT2A-MLLT10 Fusions | ||
| St. Jude Children’s Hospital (AML16) | DEK-NUP214 [t(6;9)] | Absence of high-risk features |
| KAT6A-CREBBP [t(8;16)] | ||
| RUNX1-CBFA2T3 [t(16;21)] | ||
| -7, -5, 5q-, KMT2A-MLLT10 [t(6;11)] | ||
| KMT2A-MLLT4 [t(10;11)] | ||
| inv(3)(q21q26.2) | ||
| CBFA2T3-GLIS2 [inv(16)(p13.3q24.3)] | ||
| NUP98-KDM5A [t(11;12)(p15;p13)] | ||
| ETV6-HLXB [t(7;12)(q36;p13)] | ||
| NUP98-HOXA9 [t(7;11)(p15.4;p15)] | ||
| NUP98-NSD1 | ||
| FLT3-ITD in combination with either NUP98-NSD1 fusion or WT1 mutation | ||
| Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia with KMT2A rearrangements, CBFA2T3-GLIS2 [inv(16)(p13.3q24.3)], or NUP98-KDM5A [t(11;12)(p15;p13)] | ||
| Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster | Complex karyotype | t(8;21) |
| -5 | inv(16) | |
| del(5q)-7 | ||
| Abnormalities of 3q | ||
| FLT3 mutation | ||
| United Kingdom Medical Research Council (AML MRC 17) | Complex karyotype | t(8;21)/AML1-ETO |
| -5 | inv(16)/t(16;16)/CBFB-MYH11 | |
| del(5q)-7 | ||
| Abnormalities of 3q | ||
| FLT3 mutation |