Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants by case and control status.
| Characteristics | Total | Cases | Controls | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=7558 | N=4220 | N=3338 | ||
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 2912 (38.5) | 1636 (38.8) | 1276 (38.2) | - |
| Male | 4646 (61.5) | 2584 (61.2) | 2062 (61.7) | |
| Age | ||||
| Range | 30–102 | 30–96 | 33–102 | - |
| Mean, (SD) | 68.4 (10.6) | 68.3 (10.7) | 68.5 (10.5) | |
| Education1 | ||||
| ≤9 years | 4687 (62.1) | 2795 (66.4) | 1892 (56.8) | |
| 10–11 years | 1410 (18.7) | 728 (17.3) | 682 (20.5) | <0.0001 |
| ≥12 years | 1447 (19.2) | 689 (16.4) | 758 (22.8) | |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Current or former smokers | 1558 (20.6) | 949 (22.5) | 609 (18.2) | <0.0001 |
| Alcohol consumption, g/day, mean | ||||
| Women | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 0.11 |
| Men | 21.2 | 22.5 | 19.5 | <0.0001 |
| Dietary quality score*, mean | 31.2 | 30.5 | 32.2 | <0.0001 |
| Leisure time physical activity, MET-h/week, mean | 42.9 | 40.3 | 46.2 | <0.0001 |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean | 26.9 | 27.3 | 26.4 | <0.0001 |
| 1st degree family history of CRC2 | ||||
| Yes | 971 (12.9) | 616 (14.6) | 355 (10.6) | <0.0001 |
| Colonoscopy in the preceding 10 years | ||||
| Yes | 2840 (37.6) | 1140 (27.0) | 1700 (50.9) | <0.0001 |
| Participation in a health check up3 | ||||
| Yes | 6624 (88.0) | 3569 (84.9) | 3055 (91.9) | <0.0001 |
| NSAIDs4 | ||||
| Yes | 2184 (29.3) | 1072 (25.8) | 1112 (33.7) | <0.0001 |
| Healthy lifestyle score | ||||
| Unfavourable lifestyle (0 or 1 or 2 factors) | 2053 (27.2) | 1321 (31.3) | 732 (21.9) | |
| Intermediate lifestyle (3 factors) | 2633 (34.8) | 1504 (35.6) | 1129 (33.8) | <0.0001 |
| Favourable lifestyle (4 or 5 factors) | 2872 (38.0) | 1395 (33.1) | 1477 (44.2) | |
| Polygenic risk score | ||||
| Low (T1) | 2015 (26.7) | 901 (21.4) | 1114 (33.4) | |
| Intermediate (T2) | 2506 (33.2) | 1368 (32.4) | 1138 (34.1) | <0.0001 |
| High (T3) | 3037 (40.2) | 1951 (46.2) | 1086 (32.5) | |
| Mean (SD) | 85.8 (5.7) | 86.7 (5.6) | 84.6 (5.6) |
Abbreviations: MET, metabolic equivalent of task; BMI, body mass index; CRC, colorectal cancer; NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
1
Data missing for 14 participants;
2
Data missing for 6 participants;
3
Data missing for 32 participants;
4
Data missing for 93 participants;
*
Diet quality score max 50 points