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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Appl Behav Anal. 2020 Apr 6;53(3):1726–1741. doi: 10.1002/jaba.702

Figure 5.

Figure 5.

The mean percentage of urine samples that tested negative for opiates (left) and cocaine (right) aggregated across all urine samples before (unfilled) and after (filled) the contingencies targeting abstinence from opiates (left; Opiate Users; n = 57) and cocaine (right; Opiate-Abstinent Cocaine Users; n = 25) were administered. Results from the missing-positive analysis are shown for each participant, and participant labels are consistent with those used in Figure 2. Arrows show changes in abstinence.