| Study characteristics |
| Methods |
Single‐blind, randomized, controlled |
| Participants |
Elective on‐pump cardiac surgery (CABG n = 172; Valve n = 19; CABG + Valve n = 29) |
| Interventions |
Biatrial Pacing vs. Right atrial pacing vs. Control |
| Outcomes |
AF lasting at least 5 minutes or symptomatic or associated with hemodynamic compromise requiring treatment; LOS |
| Follow‐Up |
4 days |
| Concurrent Antiarrhythmic Medications |
Beta‐blockers |
| Notes |
|
| Risk of bias |
| Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
No randomization method mentioned |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
Insufficient information |
| Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias)
All outcomes |
Low risk |
Single‐blinded, participants |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias)
All outcomes |
Low risk |
AF determined through ECG |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)
All outcomes |
Low risk |
No missing outcome data |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) |
Low risk |
All outcomes reported |
| Intention‐to‐treat analysis |
High risk |
No |
