Amaro 1998.

Study characteristics
Methods	Randomisation: method not described
Participants	40 women Inclusion criteria: ASA I, term, singleton, cephalic, elective CS Exclusion criteria: not specified Setting: Brazil
Interventions	Crawford's wedge versus uterine displacement Group 1 (n = 20): wedged lateral position using modified Crawford's wedge (15 degrees left lateral tilt) Group 2 (n = 20): manual uterine displacement by surgical assistant All women received a standardised preload and standardised spinal anaesthetic technique and dose
Outcomes	Maternal: hypotension, magnitude of BP reduction and time of occurrence, block height, ephedrine consumption, induction – and hysterotomy – birth times. Neonatal: umbilical artery pH (expressed as mean and SD), Apgar scores at 1 min and 5 min
Notes	Hypotension defined as decrease in SBP > 20% baseline or < 100 mmHg absolute
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Randomisation methods not described
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not reported
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not reported
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not reported
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Losses to follow‐up not stated
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	None apparent
Other bias	Low risk	None apparent