Gunaydin 2009.

Study characteristics
Methods	RCT
Participants	60 women Inclusion criteria: ASA 2 women undergoing elective CS Exclusion criteria: starch allergies, history of anaphylaxis
Interventions	Colloid preload versus crystalloid preload Group 1: IV infusion of 1000 mL Ringer's lactate preloading Group 2: IV infusion of 500 mL colloid Voluven 6% (6% HES 130/0.4 in isotonic NaCl solution) preloading All women received standardised cannulation, aspiration prophylaxis, spinal anaesthesia technique and dose and surgical positioning. Hypotension treated with 10 mg IV ephedrine
Outcomes	Maternal: time for block onset and maximum sensory block level, maximum motor block time, block regression time, motor block duration, first analgesic requirement, mobilisation and onset of bowel sounds, the incidence of hypotension, total used ephedrine amount, nausea and vomiting Neonatal: 1 min and 5 min Apgar scores
Notes	Hypotension defined as a decrease in mean BP to 20% below baseline
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Method of sequence generation not specified. Reported as "randomly allocated"
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Closed envelope method
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Personel were blinded, participants were not blinded
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Blinded
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Not data loss, no losses to follow‐up
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Not reported
Other bias	Low risk	Not reported