$\bullet$ Doctor: You have progressed to end stage renal disease, meaning your kidneys no longer function sufficiently. My advice would be to start hemodialysis

$\bullet$ Patient: What is my prognosis on hemodialysis?

$\bullet$ Doctor: If we did not perform kidney transplantations, our best estimate is that 59–62% of patients your age would die within 10 years. (hypothetical)

$\bullet$ Patient: Ok, but what about my prognosis given that I may receive a kidney transplantation?

$\bullet$ Doctor: With availability and allocation of transplants like in recent years, about 43% of patients dies within 10 years. (ignore treatment)

$\bullet$ Patient: So, will I get a transplant in time?

$\bullet$ Doctor: I cannot say, we need a matching donor and there is a waiting list. Again assuming that availability and allocation of transplants does not change, in the next 10 years, you have about 34% chance of dying before getting a transplant. (while untreated)

$\bullet$ Patient: What are the chances I will survive for 10 years and still be on dialysis?

$\bullet$ Doctor: With unchanged transplant availability and allocation, you have a 5% chance to still be alive and without transplant in 10 years. (1 minus composite)