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. 2020 Jul 22;8:853. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00853

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Copyright © 2020 Vallejo, Peltier, Garrigós, Matallana, Marullo and Aranda.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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cAMP phosphodiesterase PDE2 deletion increases fermentation speed. (A) Normalized values of the lag phase (lp), t50-lp, and V50-80 of mutant pde2Δ in relation to parental strain C9. Fermentations were carried out in triplicate, and average and standard deviations are shown. Significant differences (p < 0.05) are marked by *. (B) Cell growth measured as CFU during the red grape juice fermentation of strains EC1118 and EC1118 pde2Δ. (C) Reducing the sugar consumption of the fermentations depicted in (panel (B)). (D) Ethanol, glycerol and acetic acid production after completing these fermentations. Experiments were performed in triplicate, and average and standard deviations are shown.