Table 1.
Demographics characteristics of study participant.
| Overall cohort | Medical staff | Pa value | Frontline medical workers | Pb value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n=2 001) | No(n=487) | Yes(n=1 514) | No (n = 853) | Yes (n = 661) | |||
| Age(y) | 33(28-40) | 31(26-37) | 33(29-40) | <0.01 | 33(29-40) | 34(30-40) | 0.01 |
| 18–35 | 1 213(60.6) | 335(68.8) | 878(58.0) | <0.01 | 515(60.4) | 363(54.9) | 0.03 |
| 36–44 | 480(24.0) | 93(19.1) | 387(25.6) | <0.01 | 199(23.3) | 188(28.5) | 0.02 |
| 45–65 | 308(15.4) | 59(12.1) | 249(16.4) | 0.02 | 139(16.3) | 110(16.6) | 0.86 |
| Gender | 0.03 | <0.01 | |||||
| Male | 710(35.5) | 193(39.6) | 517(34.1) | 249(29.2) | 268(40.5) | ||
| Female | 1 291(64.5) | 294(60.4) | 997(65.9) | 604(70.8) | 393(59.5) | ||
| Marital status | |||||||
| Unmarried | 534(26.7) | 194(39.8) | 340(22.4) | <0.01 | 191(22.4) | 149(22.5) | 0.94 |
| Married | 1 419(70.9) | 276(56.7) | 1 143(75.5) | <0.01 | 646(75.7) | 497(75.2) | 0.81 |
| Divorced or Widowed | 48(2.4) | 17(3.5) | 31(2.1) | 0.07 | 16(1.9) | 15(2.2) | 0.59 |
| Education level | <0.01 | 0.95 | |||||
| ≤12years | 86(4.3) | 72(14.8) | 14(0.9) | 8(0.9) | 6(0.9) | ||
| >12years | 1 915(95.7) | 415(85.2) | 1 500(99.1) | 845(99.1) | 655(99.1) | ||
| Smoker | 167(8.3) | 58(13.0) | 109(7.2) | <0.01 | 53(6.2) | 56(8.5) | 0.09 |
| Alcohol use | 354(17.7) | 104(21.4) | 250(16.5) | <0.01 | 128(15.0) | 122(18.5) | 0.07 |
| BMI | 22.0 (20.0-24.0) |
21.8 (20.0-24.0) |
22.0 (20.1-24.1) |
0.45 | 21.8 (19.9-23.9) |
22.3 (20.3-24.2) |
0.02 |
| Region | 0.03 | 0.11 | |||||
| Wuhan | 673(33.6) | 184(37.8) | 489(32.3) | 261(30.6) | 228(34.5) | ||
| Hubei province outside Wuhan | 1 328(66.4) | 303(62.2) | 1 025(67.7) | 592(69.4) | 433(65.5) | ||
| COVID-19 diagnosed or suspected | 39(1.9) | 4(0.8) | 35(2.3) | 0.04 | 15(1.8) | 20(3.0) | 0.10 |
| Comorbidities | 126(6.3) | 24(4.9) | 102(6.7) | 0.15 | 50(5.9) | 52(7.9) | 0.12 |
| Cardiovascular diseases | 64(3.2) | 9(1.8) | 55(3.6) | 0.052 | 27(3.2) | 28(4.2) | 0.27 |
| liver and kidney diseases | 14(0.7) | 2(0.4) | 12(0.8) | 0.57 | 4(0.5) | 8(1.2) | 0.19 |
| Others | 48(2.4) | 13(2.7) | 35(2.3) | 0.65 | 19(2.2) | 16(2.4) | 0.80 |
| Shortage of supplies | 444(22.2) | 106(21.8) | 338(22.3) | 0.80 | 173(20.3) | 165(25.0) | 0.12 |
| Burden of caring for the elderly or children | 1 177(58.8) | 265(54.4) | 912(60.2) | 0.02 | 494(57.9) | 418(63.2) | 0.04 |
| Family infected with COVID-19 | 301(15.0) | 75(15.4) | 226(14.9) | 0.80 | 126(14.8) | 100(15.1) | 0.85 |
| COVID-related bereavement | 164(8.2) | 40(8.2) | 124(8.2) | 0.99 | 51(6.0) | 73(11.0) | <0.01 |
BMI, body mass index; COVID-19, Corona Virus Disease 2019.
Continuous variables are presented as median (IQR) (Mann-Whitney test). Categorical variables are expressed as number (percentages) (Chi-square or Yates’ continuity corrected chi-square test). aP values indicate differences between non-medical staff and medical staff. bP values indicate differences between non-frontline and frontline medical workers. P < 0·05 was considered statistically significant.