Table 1.

Descriptions of the mode of delivery (or signals) for the Come and Sit commands.

Command given	Command type	Description
Come	Verbal	The dog is encouraged to return to the trainer/owner from distance upon the verbal “come” command; noises of encouragement given after this include clicking, whistling, kissing-sounds, etc.; related verbal expressions such as “let's go,” “come on” etc and use of the dog's name
	Hand signal	The dog is encouraged to return to the trainer/owner from distance upon the visual hand signal of a beckoning motion from the arm and hand extended away from the body and the arm of hand is repeatedly drawn toward the body; may also be gestured by the patting of the trainer/owner's leg. May be accompanied by other more physical actions noted at the time
	Lead signal	The dog is encouraged to return to the trainer/owner from distance following a tug on the lead being toward the trainer/owner or the lead is flicked to bring the dog toward the trainer/owner. May be accompanied by other more physical actions noted at the time
Sit	Verbal	The dog is asked to place its rear end on the ground upon issuing of the “sit” command verbally
	Hand signal	The dog is asked to place its rear end on the ground by the hand of the trainer/owner being brought up toward the chest/center of the body or the trainer pointing their finger down over the dog's head. May be accompanied by other more physical actions noted at the time
	Lead signal	The dog is asked to place its rear end on the ground upon the lead being pulled vertically above the dog's head or down toward the ground. May be accompanied by other more physical actions noted at the time