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. 2020 Jul 22;11:886. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00886

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Copyright © 2020 Tift, Alves de Souza, Weber, Heinrich, Villafuerte, Malhotra, Otterbein and Simonson.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Impacts of aerobic exercise, breath-hold diving, and exposure to altitude on the HO/CO pathway. The stress response protein heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) responds to intense aerobic exercise and/or skeletal muscle microtrauma by (1) degrading heme that is released during tissue injury as a danger associated molecular pattern and (2) generating bioactive products that contribute to cell and tissue recovery. *Simonson et al., 2010.