Table 1.
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
| CON | PEX | TEX | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | (95% CI) | Mean | (95% CI) | Mean | (95% CI) | ||
| Fasting Glucose (mmol - L−1) | |||||||
| Pre-BR | 4.97 | (4.75 – 5.19) | 4.74 | (4.51 – 4.96) | 4.95 | (4.73 – 5.17) | |
| BR38 | 5.02 | (4.80 – 5.24) | 4.96 | (4.74 – 5.18) | 5.05 | (4.83 – 5.27) | |
| BR66 | 5.15 | (4.93 – 5.37) | 4.90 | (4.68 – 5.12) | 4.94 | (4.72 – 5.16) | |
| BR+12 | 4.92 | (4.70 – 5.14) | 4.99 | (4.77 – 5.21)M | 4.96 | (4.74 – 5.19) | |
| Fasting Insulin (μIU - L−1) | |||||||
| Pre-BR | 7.93 | (5.45 – 10.4) | 5.71 | (3.16 – 8.26) | 6.57 | (4.02 – 9.12) | |
| BR38 | 8.60 | (6.05 – 11.2) | 6.12 | (3.64 – 8.60) | 6.21 | (3.73 – 8.69) | |
| BR66 | 9.81 | (7.25 – 12.4) | 6.81 | (4.33 – 9.29) | 4.75 | (2.27 – 7.23) | |
| BR+12 | 6.34 | (3.86 – 8.82) | 5.14 | (2.66 – 7.62) | 5.44 | (2.96 – 7.92) | |
| Fasting Lactate (mmol - L−1) | |||||||
| Pre-BR | 1.51 | (1.32 – 1.70) | 1.22 | (1.03 – 1.41) | 1.27 | (1.08 – 1.46) | |
| BR38 | 1.45 | (1.26 – 1.63) | 1.30 | (1.11 – 1.49) | 1.37 | (1.18 – 1.56) | |
| BR66 | 1.39 | (1.20 – 1.58) | 1.24 | (1.06 – 1.43) | 1.22 | (1.03 – 1.41) | |
| BR+12 | 1.17 | (0.99 – 1.36) | 1.18 | (0.99 – 1.37)s | 1.07 | (0.88 – 1.26) | |
| 2Hr OGTT Glucose (mmol - L−1)GxT | |||||||
| Pre-BR | 6.29 | (5.57 – 7.01) | 5.13 | (4.41 – 5.86) | 5.87 | (5.14 – 6.59) | |
| BR38 | 6.79 | (6.07 – 7.52) | 6.21 | (5.49 – 6.93) | 6.79 | (6.06 – 7.51) | |
| BR66 | 6.62 | (5.90 – 7.34) | 5.83 | (5.11 – 6.55) | 7.08 | (6.36 – 7.80) | |
| BR+12 | 5.30 | (4.58 – 6.03) | 6.42 | (5.69 – 7.14)M,s | 6.04 | (5.31 – 6.76) | |
| 2Hr OGTT Insulin (μIU - L−1)GxT | |||||||
| Pre-BR | 55.1 | (39.5 – 70.6) | 33.1 | (18.1 – 48.1) | 31.4 | (16.4 – 46.4) | |
| BR38 | 56.5 | (41.5 – 71.5) | 45.4 | (30.4 – 60.4) | 41.9 | (26.9 – 56.9) | |
| BR66 | 69.1 | (53.6 – 84.7) | 35.0 | (20.0 – 50.0) | 42.7 | (27.2 – 58.3) | |
| BR+12 | 35.2 | (20.2 – 50.2) | 38.9 | (23.9 – 53.8)M | 33.8 | (18.8 – 48.8)M | |
| 2Hr OGTT Lactate (mmol - L−1) | |||||||
| Pre-BP | 1.46 | (1.32 – 1.59) | 1.23 | (1.10 – 1.37) | 1.29 | (1.15 – 1.44) | |
| BR38 | 1.32 | (1.19 – 1.46) | 1.28 | (1.15 – 1.42) | 1.32 | (1.19 – 1.46) | |
| BR66 | 1.40 | (1.27 – 1.54) | 1.20 | (1.06 – 1.34) | 1.29 | (1.15 – 1.43) | |
| BR+12 | 1.39 | (1.26 – 1.53) | 1.39 | (1.25 – 1.52)M | 1.33 | (1.19 – 1.46) | |
| HOMA-IRGxT | |||||||
| Pre-BR | 1.74 | (1.20 – 2.29) | 1.18 | (0.63 – 1.74) | 1.45 | (0.89 – 2.01) | |
| BR38 | 1.91 | (1.35 – 2.47) | 1.35 | (0.81 – 1.90) | 1.39 | (0.85 – 1.93) | |
| BR66 | 2.24 | (1.68 – 2.80) | 1.47 | (0.93 – 2.02) | 1.07 | (0.53 – 1.61)M,s | |
| BR+12 | 1.38 | (0.84 – 1.93) | 1.15 | (0.61 – 1.69) | 1.22 | (0.68 – 1.76) | |
| MatsudaGxT | |||||||
| Pre-BR | 4.78 | (2.45 – 7.12) | 7.63 | (5.24 – 10.0) | 8.34 | (5.95 – 10.7) | |
| BR38 | 4.72 | (2.38 – 7.05) | 7.27 | (4.94 – 9.61) | 7.41 | (5.07 – 9.75) | |
| BR66 | 3.86 | (1.52 – 6.20) | 7.61 | (5.27 – 9.94) | 8.70 | (6.32 – 11.1) | |
| BR+12 | 6.50 | (4.16 – 8.84) | 7.33 | (4.99 – 9.67) | 7.65 | (5.27 – 10.0)M | |
| Glucose derived CO2 (% Baseline)GxT | |||||||
| Pre-BR | 37.2 | (33.3 – 41.1) | 37.0 | (33.1 – 40.9) | 32.6 | (28.5 – 36.7) | |
| BR38 | 36.0 | (32.0 – 40.1) | 36.2 | (32.3 – 40.1) | 34.9 | (31.0 – 38.8) | |
| BR66 | 46.0 | (41.9 – 50.0) | 37.8 | (33.9 – 41.7)M,s | 36.5 | (32.4 – 40.6) | |
| BR+12 | 37.9 | (33 8 – 419) | 34.9 | (310 – 388) | 34.2 | (30.3 – 38.1) | |
Values are presented as marginal means and 95% confidence intervals.
GxT
Two-way interaction (omnibus).
M
Main effect (Pre-HDBR and CON as references).
s
Simple interaction (Pre-HDBR and CON as references). No significant interaction effects between PEX and TEX.