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. 2020 Jul 16;2020(7):CD001304. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001304.pub3

Comparison 3. PKU participants at diagnosis: low‐phenylalanine diet versus moderate phenylalanine diet.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
3.1 Blood phenylalanine level (micromol/L) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
3.1.1 Blood phenylalanine level (0 to 3 months) 1 132 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐127.10 [‐185.04, ‐69.16]
3.1.2 Blood phenylalanine levels (7 to 12 months) 1 132 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐157.30 [‐217.18, ‐97.42]
3.1.3 Blood phenylalanine level (at 2 years) 1 132 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐84.70 [‐158.02, ‐11.38]
3.1.4 Blood phenylalanine level (at 3 years) 1 128 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐48.40 [‐125.39, 28.59]
3.1.5 Blood phenylalanine level (at 4 years) 1 127 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐78.70 [‐174.49, 17.09]
3.1.6 Blood phenylalanine level (at 5 years) 1 127 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐72.60 [‐162.35, 17.15]
3.2 Weight (kg) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
3.2.1 Weight (0 to 3 months) 1 88 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.20 [‐0.47, 0.07]
3.2.2 Weight (4 to 6 months) 1 88 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.20 [‐0.56, 0.16]
3.2.3 Weight (7 to 12 months) 1 88 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.10 [‐0.58, 0.38]
3.3 Intelligence quotient (IQ) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
3.3.1 IQ at 4 years 1 111 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 3.00 [‐2.77, 8.77]
3.3.2 IQ at 6 years 1 132 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 2.00 [‐3.41, 7.41]
3.4 Calorie intake (kcal/kg) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
3.4.1 Calorie intake (0 to 3 months) 1 88 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐1.00 [‐11.06, 9.06]
3.4.2 Calorie intake (4 to 6 months) 1 88 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐3.00 [‐10.12, 4.12]
3.4.3 Calorie intake (7 to 12 months) 1 88 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐6.00 [‐12.51, 0.51]
3.5 Protein intake (g/kg) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
3.5.1 Protein intake (0 to 3 months) 1 88 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.00 [‐0.40, 0.40]
3.5.2 Protein intake (4 to 6 months) 1 88 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.10 [‐0.33, 0.13]
3.5.3 Protein intake (7 to 12 months) 1 88 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.10 [‐0.31, 0.11]
3.6 Phenylalanine intake (mg/day) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
3.6.1 At 15 months of age 1 151 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐64.00 [‐67.54, ‐60.46]
3.6.2 At 21 months of age 1 138 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐64.00 [‐68.81, ‐59.19]
3.6.3 At 27 months of age 1 141 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐88.00 [‐92.56, ‐83.44]
3.6.4 At 33 months of age 1 139 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐73.00 [‐77.85, ‐68.15]
3.6.5 At 39 months of age 1 134 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐80.00 [‐84.94, ‐75.06]
3.6.6 At 45 months of age 1 141 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐58.00 [‐63.95, ‐52.05]
3.6.7 At 51 months of age 1 125 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐83.00 [‐88.97, ‐77.03]
3.6.8 At 57 months of age 1 119 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐69.00 [‐75.61, ‐62.39]
3.6.9 At 63 months of age 1 115 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐106.00 [‐112.54, ‐99.46]
3.6.10 At 69 months of age 1 117 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐77.00 [‐90.18, ‐63.82]