Table 2.

The mood type of clauses and speech function realization in the text.

Mood type	Speech Function Realization	Technique∗	Examples
Declarative	Statement (opinion)	•PMS	•Usually translated as “religion,” and indeed it is that, one of the basic meanings of din is obedience, and is especially used – as in the above verse of poetry – in reference to the authority and rule of a king (Clause 3)
		•GEOS	•This is because they are from the same people who are at war [with the Muslims] (Clause 55) •Thus, anyone who is neither a Muslim nor a dhimmi kafir (while still a tyrant against himself, deserving both hatred and humiliation) is a hostile tyrant deserving aggression (Clause 12) •So the duty to fight the tyrants – the mushrikin – is clear and established (Clause 15)
	Statement (fact)	•TSSS	•Ash-Shafi'i said, “And the kafir's blood is not spared until he becomes a Muslim” (Al-Umm) (Clause 38) •And regarding the dhimmi … the Prophet said, “Whoever kills a person of covenant shall not smell the fragrance of Jannah, which can be found for a distance of forty years” … (Clause 24)
	Indirect directive	•PODS	•One of these great principles is that all people must be fought until they accept Islam or come under a shar'i covenant (Clause 21) •So the priest and wandering ascetic who mix with the people are to be killed, … (clause 54)
		•PPDS	•This principle establishes the prohibition of shedding Muslim and covenant-bound kafir blood as well as the permissibility of shedding the blood of all other kuffar (Clause 22) •But it is not permissible to kill anyone who is not from the people who are at war … (Clause 53)
		•GS	•Lest someone think this is a strange, new opinion, it should be known that this is the stance of the Sahabah and the greatest scholars of the Ummah (Clause 33)
Interrogative	Indirect directive	•asking	•How can the disbelievers ever dream of safety and security while Muslims suffer anywhere in the world and while the rule of Allah is mockingly replaced by manmade monstrosities of democracy? (Clause 64)

^∗PMS (presenting the meaning/the characteristic of something); GEOS (giving an evaluative opinion of something); TSSS (telling about someone saying something); PODS (presenting the obligation of doing something); PPDS (Presenting prohibition of doing something); GS (Giving suggestion).