Fig. 5.
Juglanin improves Nrf2 activation to inhibit oxidative stress in PM2.5-incubated cells. (A) L02 cells were treated with different concentrations of Jug (0–80 μM) for 24 h. Then, morphology of cells was observed. (B) Left, L02 cells were incubated with Jug at the indicated concentrations for 24 h, and were then collected for cell viability calculation using western blotting analysis. Right, L02 cells were treated with 40 μM of Jug for the shown time, followed by MTT analysis to assess the cell viability. (C) Western blotting results for nuclear and cytoplasm Nrf2 expression levels in L02 cells incubated with increasing concentrations of Jug for 24 h. (D) Immunofluorescence staining of Nrf2 in Jug-treated L02 cells for 24 h. Scale bar was 25 μm. (E–G) L02 cells were treated with PM2.5 (100 μg/ml) for 24 h together with Jug (40 μM) or t-BHQ (10 μM). Then, all cells were collected for further analysis as follows. (E) Western blot analysis of Keap-1 and HO-1. (F) Assessments of SOD, CAT and GPX activities in cells. (G) DCF-DA staining of L02 cells. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01; ns, no significant difference.