Table 5.

Fidelity to the criterion and content validity according to the level of experience.

Variable		Basic manipulation (n=3)				Basic operating level (n=11)				Intermediate operating level (n=8)				Advanced operating level (n=8)				P value
		Median		IQR		Median		IQR		Median		IQR		Median		IQR
Fidelity to the criteriona
	Ease of use		5		4-5		5		4-5		5		4.5-5		4.5		4-5			.84
	Navigation menu		5		4-5		5		5-5		5		4.5-5		4.5		4-5			.51
	Relevance as a learning tool		5		2-5		5		4-5		5		5-5		5		4-5			.83
	Fulcrum effect		4		2-5		4		3-5		5		4-5		4		4-5			.66
	Representation of the physical forceps in the virtual environment		5		3-5		4		4-5		4		3.5-5		4.5		3-5			.96
	Simulation of the movements in MISb		4		4-4		4		4-5		4.5		3.5-5		4		3.5-4.5			.70
	Innovation		5		3-5		5		5-5		5		4.5-5		5		4.5-5			.95
	Graphic design		4		4-5		5		4-5		5		4.5-5		4		4-5			.41
	Feedback		5		4-5		5		4-5		5		5-5		4.5		4-5			.42
	Relevance of the feedback		4		4-5		5		4-5		5		4.5-5		4.5		4-5			.66
Content validityc
	Hand-eye coordination		4		4-5		5		4-5		5		5-5		4.5		4-5			.77
	Depth perception		5		4-5		5		4-5		5		4-5		4.5		4-5			.95
	Basic psychomotor skills learning		4		3-5		5		4-5		5		5-5		5		4-5			.45
	Basic steps of MIS		4		4-5		5		4-5		5		4.5-5		4		4-4.5			.33
	Metrics		4		3-5		4		3-5		4.5		4-5		4.5		4-5			.75
	Ubiquitous learning		4		4-5		5		4-5		5		5-5		4.5		4-5			.46
Tasksd
	Task 1		3		3-5		4		3-5		4		3.5-5		4		3.5-4.5			.88
	Task 2		4		4-5		4		4-5		4		3.5-5		3.5		2-5			.76
	Task 3		4		2-5		4		3-4		4.5		3.5-5		4		3.5 – 5			.76
	Task 4		2		2-5		4		4-5		5		5-5		4		3.5-5			.18
	Task 5		4		4-5		5		4-5		5		4.5-5		4.5		4-5			.70
	Task 6		4		4-4		4		4-5		5		5-5		4.5		4-5			.12

^aFor fidelity to the criterion questions, see Multimedia Appendix 1.

^bMIS: minimally invasive surgery.

^cFor content validity questions, see Multimedia Appendix 1.

^dFor task descriptions, see Table 1.