Table 2.
Effect of the intervention on the primary, secondary, and additional outcomes among eligible births* or among livebirths weighing less than 1000 g
| Control group | Intervention group | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)† | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary outcome | ||||
| Fresh stillbirth and neonatal death (combined) | 347/1491 (23·3%) | 221/1447 (15·3%) | 0·66 (0·54–0·81) | <0·0001 |
| Secondary outcomes | ||||
| Perinatal mortality: fresh stillbirth + 7-day mortality | 312/1485 (21·0%) | 199/1447 (13·8%) | 0·67 (0·56–0·81) | <0·0001 |
| Pre-discharge newborn mortality | 132/1542 (8·6%) | 73/1439 (5·1%) | 0·57 (0·48–0·68) | <0·0001 |
| Pre-discharge maternal mortality | 12/1441 (0·8%) | 6/1359 (0·4%) | ‡ | .. |
| Neonatal mortality among newborn babies weighing <1000 g | 20/25 (80·0%) | 26/31 (83·9%) | ‡ | .. |
| Additional outcomes | ||||
| Preterm fresh stillbirth | 188/1770 (10·6%) | 103/1608 (6·4%) | 0·69 (0·57–0·83) | <0·0001 |
| Preterm neonatal mortality | 159/1303 (12·2%) | 118/1345 (8·8%) | 0·72 (0·58–0·90) | 0·004 |
| Caesarean delivery (at all facilities) | 311/1359 (22.9%) | 172/1289 (13.3%) | 0·63 (0·38–1·04) | 0·072 |
| Caesarean delivery (at caesarean-capable facilities)§ | 311/883 (35·2%) | 172/643 (26·8%) | 0·67 (0·41–1·12) | 0·12 |
For pre-discharge mortality, register data were used for eligible infants. Data are n/N (%), were n is the number with outcomes in the control or intervention group and N is the total number of non-missing eligible births in the control or intervention group.
Eligible births are fresh stillbirths and livebirths of babies weighing between 1000 g and 2499 g irrespective of gestational age, or between 2500 g and 2999 g with a recorded gestational age less than 37 weeks.
Odds ratios accounted for matching of facilities and clustering of births within facilities.
The numbers are too small for the models to converge to provide stable results.
Among births in facilities with capability for caesarean section.