. 2019 Aug 17;2:100011. doi: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2019.100011

Table 2.

Breg-inducing cytokines.

Cytokines	Breg phenotype	Stimulus	In vitro/vivo	Species	Reference
IL-21	CD1d^hiCD5⁺ B10 cells	cells expressing CD40L and BLyS	In vitro	mouse	[7]
	IL10⁺	anti-Tim1+CD40L	In vitro	mouse	[11]
	CD5⁺CD86⁺CD43⁺CD147⁺	IL-21⁺CD40L−Th cells	In vitro	human	[147]
	GrB⁺CD38⁺CD1d⁺IgM + CD147⁺ IDO⁺CD25⁺	Anti-BCR	In vitro	human	[9]
IL-6	IL-10⁺ T2-MZPs, IL-10⁺CD5⁺ cells, IL-10⁺Tim-1⁺	CD40L	In vitro	mouse	[33]
IL-6	IL10⁺	CD40L	In vivo	mouse	[33]
IL-1β	IL-10⁺ T2-MZPs, IL-10⁺CD5⁺ cells, IL-10⁺Tim-1⁺	CD40L	In vitro	mouse	[33]
IL-1β	IL-10⁺	CD40L	In vivo	mouse	[33]
IFNα	IL-10⁺CD24⁺CD38^hi	CpGC-stimulated pDCs	In vitro	human	[63]
	IL-10⁺CD24⁺CD38^hi	TLR9-activated	In vitro	human	[63]
	IL-10⁺CD24⁺CD38^hi	R848 (TLR7/8 agonist)	In vitro	human	[63]
IL-33	CD25⁺CD1d^hiIgM^hiCD5⁻CD23⁻Tim-1^-		In vivo	mouse	[76]
IL-35	p35⁺Ebi3⁺ (IL-35⁺) CD19⁺IL10⁺	LPS PMA	In vitro In vitro	Mouse human	[98] [98]
IL-35	CD5⁺B220^lo		In vivo	mouse	[98]
BAFF	CD1d^hiCD5⁺ B10		In vitro In vivo	mouse	[148]
BAFF	CD5⁺CD1dhiFcγRIIbhiIL-35+		In vitro In vivo	mouse	[110]
APRIL	IL-10⁺	CpG	In vitro	human	[149]
APRIL	IgA⁺FasL⁺PDL1⁺TIGIT⁺IL10⁺	CD40L-expressing fibroblast, IL21	In vitro, In vivo	mouse, human	[131]

Breg: regulatory B cells; IL: interleukin; BAFF: B cells activating factor; APRIL: A proliferation-inducing ligands; CD40L: CD40 ligand; BLys: B lymphocyte stimulator; TIM1: T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1; IDO: indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; GrB: granzyme B; Th: T-helper cells; BCR: B cell receptor; BAFF: B-cell activating factor; APRIL: A proliferation-inducing ligand; TLR: toll-like receptor; MZP: marginal-zone precursor; T2-MZP: transitional 2 marginal-zone precursor; FcγR: FC gamma receptor.