Fig. 5.

S. cerevisiae infection in mice. (A) Cytokine release (pg/ml) upon challenge with selected S. cerevisiae strains at 3 days post-inoculation with SK1 reference strain (blue), YH3, YP4, YUC22 CD gut strains (red) and BB1533, BT2240 natural strains (green). Student t-Test *p ​< ​0.05, **p ​< ​0.01, naïve versus inoculated C57BL/6 mice (6 mice/group). (B) Local epithelial activity and inflammation in the gut of C57BL/6 mice, in Il-17a−/−, Ifnγ −/−, and Il-10−/− mice induced by the 6 different S. cerevisiae strains inoculation. Inflammatory cell recruitment and positive mucin staining in mice 3 days after inoculation. Scale bars, 200 ​mm. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)