Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients and controls
| Clinical variables | AIS patients (n = 368) | Controls (n = 165) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)* | 63.58 ± 11.71 | 63.02 ± 11.84 | 0.273 |
| Male/Female sex | 216 (58.70)/152 (41.30) | 96 (58.18)/69 (41.81) | 0.987 |
| BMI (kg/m2)* | 23.55 ± 2.80 | 23.58 ± 2.64 | 0.213 |
| NIHSS | 6.28 (0–33) | / | / |
| mRS | 1.06 (0–5) | / | / |
| IMT (mm)* | 1.09 ± 0.10 | 1.06 ± 0.10 | 0.007 |
| Carotid plaques | 303 (82.34) | 117 (70.91) | 0.004 |
| Hypertension | 266 (72.28) | 98 (59.39) | 0.004 |
| Diabetes | 97 (26.36) | 33 (20.00) | 0.141 |
| Smoker | 109 (29.62) | 47 (28.48) | 0.870 |
| Drinker | 95 (25.82) | 40 (24.24) | 0.781 |
| Glucose (mmol/L)* | 6.71 ± 2.27 | 6.06 ± 1.68 | < 0.0001 |
| TC (mmol/L)* | 3.85 ± 0.91 | 3.71 ± 0.86 | 0.102 |
| TG (mmol/L)* | 1.42 ± 1.08 | 1.28 ± 0.69 | 0.021 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L)* | 2.18 ± 0.65 | 2.16 ± 24 | 0.328 |
| sdLDL-C (mg/dl)* | 24.44 ± 20.40 | 13.17 ± 6.01 | < 0.0001 |
| HDL-C (mg/dl)* | 41.91 ± 12.70 | 42.83 ± 11.01 | 0.163 |
| Non-HDL-C (mmol/L)* | 24.32 ± 20.28 | 23.19 ± 10.20 | 0.248 |
| Statin therapy | 15 (4.10) | 10 (6.06) | 0.435 |
Continuous variables are shown as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) marked with an asterisk (*). Categorical variables are shown as numbers combined with percentage (%).NIHSS and mRS are presented as the mean (minimal and maximal values). BMI body mass index, NIHSS National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, mRS modified Rankin Scale, IMT intima-media thickness, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, sdLDL-C small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol