. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2020 Apr 24;33(7):878–887.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2020.02.013

Table 3.

Association between cumulative BMI and LA structure and function by gender

	Model 1				Model 2

	Men		Women		Men		Women

3D LA echo parameters	β	P value	β	P value	β	P value	β	P value
3D LAVmax index, mL/m²	0.15	<.001	0.16	<.001	0.18	<.001	0.15	<.001
3D LAVmin index^*, mL/m²	0.13	<.001	0.09	.007	0.20	<.001	0.09	.006
3D LAVpreA index, mL/m²	0.18	<.001	0.15	<.001	0.23	<.001	0.15	<.001
3D LA total EF, %	0.17	.603	0.09	.005	−0.05	.237	0.08	.029
3D LA passive EF, %	−0.02	.589	−0.02	.631	−0.05	.220	0.03	.932
3D LA active EF, %	0.03	.459	0.11	.001	−0.03	.390	0.09	.009
3D LSmax,^* %	−0.13	<.001	0.001	.977	−0.12	.002	−0.003	.941
3D LASre,^* sec⁻¹	0.12	<.001	0.02	.474	0.09	.015	0.01	.823
3D LASra,^* sec⁻¹	0.05	.142	−0.05	.144	0.08	.047	−0.05	.174

The multivariable linear regression model is showing coefficients per 117.7 BMI-years in men and per 175.1 BMI-years in women for cumulative BMI. Model 1 is adjusted for age and race at year 30 examination. Model 2 is model 1 with adjustment for heart rate, education level, physical activity, systolic blood pressure, smoking status, diabetes, alcohol intake, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol at year 30 examination.

Statistically significant additive sex interactions (LAVmin [P = .033], LASmax [P = .001], LASre [P = .029], and LASra [P = .008]).