Monga 2007.

Study characteristics
Methods	Study design: RCT Number randomized: 30; not clear how many originally randomized to the exercise or control groups Study start and stop dates: not reported Length of intervention: 8 weeks Length of follow‐up: to end of the intervention
Participants	Type cancer: prostate cancer Time since cancer diagnosis: not reported Time in active treatment: not reported Inclusion criteria: first time cancer diagnosis ambulatory able to complete self‐report measures, Eligibility criteria related to interest or ability, or both, to exercise: inability to exercise Exclusion criteria: concurrently receiving chemotherapy major health problems (uncontrolled hypertension, i.e. seated systolic blood pressure > 160 mmHg or seated diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg, uncontrolled insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus, severe arthritis, and obvious cognitive dysfunction) recent history of sudden onset of shortness of breath on exertion or a recent history of dizziness, blurred vision, or fainting spells recent history of unstable angina, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, or cardiac failure bone, back, or neck pain of recent origin Gender: male Current age, mean (SD, range) years: exercise group: 68.0 (4.2, 62 to 77) years control group: 70.6 (5.3, 64 to 80) years Age at cancer diagnosis: not reported Ethnicity/race: n, (%) exercise group: white, 3 (27%); black, 7 (64%); Hispanic, 1(9%) control group: white, 4 (40%); black, 5 (50%); Hispanic, 1 (10%) Education level, years education, mean (SD) years: exercise group: 12.4 (3.3) years control group: 11.6 (2.8) years SES: not reported Employment status: not reported Comorbidities, n (%): exercise group: hypertension, 5 (45%); diabetes mellitus, 3 (27%); cardiovascular disease, 2 (18%); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2 (11%) control group: hypertension, 3 (30%); diabetes mellitus, 3 (30%); cardiovascular disease, 2 (20%); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 1 (10%) Past exercise history: not reported On hormone therapy: not reported Weight, mean (SD) lb: exercise group: 177.3 (29.1) lb control group: 80.1 (28.8) lb
Interventions	11 participants assigned to the exercise intervention had data (unclear how many originally assigned to exercise group), including: 10‐minute warm‐up, a 30‐minute aerobic segment consisting of walking on a treadmill, and a 5‐to 10‐minute cool down period Type exercise (aerobic/anaerobic): aerobic Intensity of the experimental exercise intervention: not reported, instructed to maintain target HR Frequency: 3 times per week Duration of individual sessions: 50 minutes Duration of exercise program: 8 weeks Total number of exercise sessions: 24 sessions Format: unclear Facility: facility Professionally led by a staff kinesiotherapist and supervised by a physician Adherence: not reported 10 participants assigned to control group with data (unclear how many originally assigned to control group), including: standard care Contamination of control group: not reported
Outcomes	No primary outcome was identified. Outcomes included: cardiovascular fitness assessed using the modified Bruce treadmill test flexibility, assessed using the modified sit‐and‐reach test strength, assessed by measuring the time it takes to stand up and sit down 5 times from an armless chair fatigue, assessed using the PFS global HRQoL, assessed by using the FACT‐P and the FACT‐G questionnaire depression, assessed using the BDI Outcomes were measured at baseline and end of the intervention at 8 weeks: exercise group: n = 11 at baseline, n = 11 at 8 weeks control group: n = 10 at baseline n = 10 at 8 weeks Subgroup analysis: none Adverse events: none reported
Notes	Country: US Funding: none reported
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	The generation of the random sequence was not described
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Whether the treatment assignment was concealed from study personnel and participants was not described
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Owing to the nature of the intervention, it was not possible to conceal allocation to the intervention from the participants
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Study personnel and outcome assessors were not masked or blinded to the study interventions
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	9 participants withdrew, but data not provided on these 9 participants
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	There is no evidence of selective reporting of outcomes
Other bias	Low risk	The trial appears to be free of other problems that could put it at a high risk of bias