Study	Reason for exclusion
Akl 2008a	Study design not appropriate
Akl 2010	Review of gaming theory
Amos1994	Study design not appropriate
Andrade 2008	Study design not appropriate
Backstein 2010	Study design not appropriate
Barber‐Madden1989	Study design not appropriate
Bauman 2010	Abstract
Begg 2008	Review of gaming theory
Bergeron 2008	Study design not appropriate
Bhoopathi 2006	Study design not appropriate
Bhoopathi 2007	Review of gaming theory
Boreham 1989	Population composed of students and not professionals
Boulet 2007	Study design not appropriate
Brinson 1988	No description of the game
Burns 1984	Study design not appropriate
Carlson 1992	Study design not appropriate
Cessario 1987	Population composed of students and not professionals
Christmas 2007	Study design not appropriate
Cowen 2002	Population composed of students and not professionals
D'Alessandro 2002	Study design not appropriate
Dowd 2003	Review of gaming theory
Dowd 2004	Review of gaming theory
Durman 2002	Study design not appropriate
Espinosa 2006	Abstract
Feldman 1985	Study design not appropriate
Finn 2011	Abstract
Ford 1996	Study design not appropriate
French 1980	Population composed of students and not professionals
Gage 2011	Study design not appropriate
Geyer1990	Review of creative teaching strategies
Girardi 2006	Population composed of students and not professionals
Gordon 1995	Study design not appropriate
Gruending 1991	Study design not appropriate
Guidry 2000	Study design not appropriate
Hansen 2008	Review of gaming theory
Harding 2001	Population composed of students and not professionals
Hodges 2007	Abstract
Ingram 1998	Population composed of students and not professionals
Jirasevijinda 2010	Study design not appropriate
Jones 2000	Study design not appropriate
Kurenov 2009	Study design not appropriate
LeCroy 2006	Study design not appropriate
Leidy 1992	Study design not appropriate
Leonard 2008	Abstract
Lim 2008	Abstract
Lopes 2003	Study design not appropriate
Meidani 2006	Abstract
Meterissian 2007	Study design not appropriate
Montpas 2004	Population composed of students and not professionals
Morton 2001	Study design not appropriate
O'Kane 1988	Not about a specific game
Ogershok 2004	Study design not appropriate
Olbrich 1997	Not about a specific game
Parker 2005	Study design not appropriate
Pearce‐Smith 2007	Study design not appropriate
Petersen 2010	Study design not appropriate
Pittiglio 2011	Review of gaming theory
Pocock 1987	Study design not appropriate
Reeve 2008	Abstract
Regan 2000	Population composed of students and not professionals
Reiner 2008	Review of gaming theory
Roubidoux 2002	Population composed of students and not professionals
Saethang 1998	Study design not appropriate
Schmitz 1991	Study design not appropriate
Silva 1989	Study design not appropriate
Sisson 1988	Review of games
Skinner 2000	Study design not appropriate
Stefanelli 1992	Study design not appropriate
Stephenson 1998	Study design not appropriate
Stewart 2006	Study design not appropriate
Sturgis 2006	Abstract
Taekman 2010	Study design not appropriate
Thornburg 1998	Not about a specific game
Tumosa 2006	Review
Turley 2007	Study design not appropriate
Udin 1985	Population composed of students and not professionals
Verdaasdonk 2009	Study design not appropriate
Wargo 2000	Study design not appropriate
Warihay 1986	Study design not appropriate
White 1985	Study design not appropriate
Wilson 1995	Study design not appropriate