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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 29.
Published in final edited form as: Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2020 Jun 30;21(2):163–179. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm.2020.02.597

Figure 2: Pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension.

Figure 2:

PAH is characterized by a vascular remodeling of distal pulmonary arteries, vasoconstriction, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and thrombosis leading to the formation of plexiform lesions. Proliferation and migration of pulmonary endothelial cells (PAECs) and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) contribute to the vascular muscularization and obstruction, which progressively increase vascular resistance in PAH and induce right ventricle (RV) hypertrophy and ultimately RV dysfunction.