Breart 1982.

Study characteristics
Methods	RCT (1:2 randomisation)
Participants	Number of women randomised: 716 Setting: Paris, France Study conducted: not reported Inclusion criteria: GA: 37‐39 weeks (259‐273 days) Exclusion criteria: high risk, contraindication for IOL State of cervix: not mentioned Parity: mixed (60% nulliparous)
Interventions	Induction group (n = 235): oxytocin and AROM at GA 37‐39 weeks versus EM group (n = 481): FHR checking and amnioscopy every 2‐3 days
Outcomes	Mother: duration of labour; mode of birth Baby: morbidity (Apgar scores, resuscitation)
Notes	Funding: not reported Declaration of interests: not reported
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	The method of sequence generation was not reported.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	It was reported that a closed envelope system was used for allocation concealment, although no further detail was available.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Blinding was not feasible.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Blinded outcome assessment was not mentioned.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	202/235 in the induction group and 173/481 in the expectant group followed the trial protocol; trial results were reported for all 716 women and their babies.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	No access to trial protocol to confidently assess selective reporting. Perinatal death was not reported.
Other bias	Low risk	Appeared to be free of other bias