| Methods |
Randomized double‐blind, controlled trial. Two free‐standing urban abortion clinics in British Columbia, Canada. |
| Participants |
209 pregnant women. Maternal age 14 to 42 years. Gestational age 7 to 14 weeks. |
| Interventions |
Group 1: para‐cervical block (PCB) with 20 ml1.0% lidocaine
Group 2: PCB with 20ml 0.5% lidocaine.
Some patients received preoperative laminaria, lorazepam or ibuprofen. |
| Outcomes |
Pain with procedure measured with a 11‐point verbal pain scale (0 = no pain to 10 = worst pain you can imagine) after the procedure. Anxiety (mild, moderate, severe). |
| Notes |
Per e‐mail communication with Dr. Wiebe: study length was approximately June to December 1995. Exclusion criteria: inability to understand consent, allergy to lidocaine. Study participants underwent vacuum aspiration. Randomization using a table of random numbers generated by computer. Allocation concealment: The research assistant drew up the syringes. No information on number of people randomized and discontinued availbable.
No major complications reported. |
| Risk of bias |
| Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
| Allocation concealment? |
High risk |
C ‐ Inadequate |
