Kim 2014.
| Study characteristics | |||
| Patient Sampling | Case‐control study. Study participants were identified by retrospective medical review and then examined between January 2010 and August 2013 in glaucoma and cataract clinics. Data from one eye were included in the analysis. | ||
| Patient characteristics and setting | Sample size: 202 eyes, (101 narrow angle and 101 open angle). Age: mean (SD), 64.5 ± 6.2 years. Sex: 110 (54.4%) female. Setting: secondary care. Country: Korea. Ethnicity: Korean. Exclusions: prior intraocular surgery or if AS‐OCT images were of poor quality. |
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| Index tests | AS‐OCT: time domain, Visante, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA. Mode to capture; one cross‐sectional horizontal scan. Cut‐off values were derived from the study data at examining lens vault and ACD. | ||
| Target condition and reference standard(s) | Static gonioscopy; an occludable angle was defined when the pigmented posterior trabecular meshwork was not visible for 180 degrees or more in the primary position, with PAS and/or raised IOP. | ||
| Flow and timing | There were 124 narrow angles and 112 age‐matched controls. Of the 112 control participants matched, 11 had low‐quality images consequently data from 11 control participants were eliminated. Data from 202 eyes were included in the final analysis. The index test and reference standard were conducted on the same occasion. | ||
| Comparative | |||
| Notes | Conflict of interest: authors reported no conflict of interest. All cases had an LPI. | ||
| Methodological quality | |||
| Item | Authors' judgement | Risk of bias | Applicability concerns |
| DOMAIN 1: Patient Selection | |||
| Was a consecutive or random sample of patients enrolled? | Yes | ||
| Was a case‐control design avoided? | No | ||
| Did the study avoid inappropriate exclusions? | Yes | ||
| Could the selection of patients have introduced bias? | High risk | ||
| Are there concerns that the included patients and setting do not match the review question? | High | ||
| DOMAIN 2: Index Test (LACD) | |||
| DOMAIN 2: Index Test (Scheimpflug photography) | |||
| DOMAIN 2: Index Test (AS‐OCT) | |||
| Were the index test results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the reference standard? | Yes | ||
| If a threshold was used, was it pre‐specified? | No | ||
| Could the conduct or interpretation of the index test have introduced bias? | High risk | ||
| Are there concerns that the index test, its conduct, or interpretation differ from the review question? | Low concern | ||
| DOMAIN 2: Index Test (SPAC) | |||
| DOMAIN 2: Index Test (Flashlight) | |||
| DOMAIN 3: Reference Standard | |||
| Is the reference standards likely to correctly classify the target condition? | Yes | ||
| Were the reference standard results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the index tests? | Yes | ||
| Could the reference standard, its conduct, or its interpretation have introduced bias? | Low risk | ||
| Are there concerns that the target condition as defined by the reference standard does not match the question? | Low concern | ||
| DOMAIN 4: Flow and Timing | |||
| Was there an appropriate interval between index test and reference standard? | Yes | ||
| Were all patients included in the analysis? | Yes | ||
| Did all patients receive a reference standard | Yes | ||
| Could the patient flow have introduced bias? | Low risk | ||