| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Dent 1992 | Not RCT (case study) |
| Fujiwara 2007 | Not RCT (case study series) |
| Gibbon 1989 | Not RCT (case study) |
| Gibbon 1998 | Not RCT (case study) |
| Gibbon 2001 | Cross‐over trial design, which is inappropriate for evaluating speech intervention, was used. |
| Hardcastle 1989 | Not RCT (case study) |
| Michi 1985 | Not RCT (case study) |
| Michi 1986 | Not RCT (case study) |
| Michi 1990 | Not RCT (before and after study, without control group) |
| Ohira 1989 | Not RCT (case study) |
| Schmidt 2007 | Not RCT (case study series) |
| Scobbie 2004 | Not RCT (case study) |
| Stokes 1996 | Not RCT (case study series) |
| Whitehill 1996 | Not RCT (case study) |
| Yamashita 1988 | Not RCT (case study series) |
| Yamashita 1999 | Not RCT (before and after study, without control group) |
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