Table 2.
Comparisons of Study Cohort Characteristics by Intravenous Fluid Exposure
| Characteristic | IVF (n = 70) | No IVF (n = 354) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 31.4 (20.6) | 30.3 (18.3) | .685 |
| Sex | .840 | ||
| Female | 40 (57.1) | 212 (59.9) | |
| Male | 29 (41.4) | 142 (40.1) | |
| ETU location | .314 | ||
| Bong County, Liberia | 26 (37.4) | 103 (29.1) | |
| Margibi County, Liberia | 1 (1.4) | 4 (1.1) | |
| Kambia District, Sierra Leone | 2 (2.9) | 31 (8.8) | |
| Port Loco District, Sierra Leone | 21 (30.0) | 127 (35.9) | |
| Bombali District, Sierra Leone | 20 (28.6) | 89 (25.1) | |
| Cycle threshold value | .027 | ||
| Low (≤22) | 23 (32.9) | 136 (38.4) | |
| High (>22) | 14 (20) | 108 (30.5) | |
| Missing | 33 (47.1) | 110 (31.1) | |
| Patients with clinical characteristics during ETU admission | |||
| Anorexia | 48 (68.6) | 294 (83.1) | .017 |
| Any bleeding | 24 (34.3) | 174 (49.2) | .018 |
| Coma | 1 (1.4) | 41 (11.6) | .000 |
| Confusion | 3 (4.3) | 53 (15) | .007 |
| Diarrhea | 48 (68.6) | 315 (89) | .001 |
| Dysphagia | 31 (44.3) | 218 (61.6) | .009 |
| Dyspnea | 28 (40.0) | 175 (49.4) | .205 |
| Fever | 51 (72.9) | 273 (77.1) | .435 |
| Stomach pain | 48 (68.6) | 277 (78.2) | .100 |
| Vomiting | 41 (58.6) | 283 (79.9) | .001 |
| Patients receiving treatment during ETU admission | |||
| Acetaminophen | 59 (84.3) | 350 (98.9) | .003 |
| Artemether | 0 (0.0) | 18 (5.1) | .049 |
| Artemether-lumefantrine | 58 (82.9) | 322 (91.0) | .094 |
| Artesunate | 0 (0.0) | 23 (6.5) | .010 |
| Cefixime | 56 (80.0) | 332 (93.8) | .013 |
| Ceftriaxone | 0 (0.0) | 95 (26.8) | .000 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 0 (0.0) | 30 (8.5) | .001 |
| Metoclopramide | 7 (10.0) | 115 (32.5) | .000 |
| Metronidazole | 0 (0.0) | 16 (4.5) | .066 |
| Multivitamins | 38 (54.3) | 275 (77.7) | .000 |
| Omeprazole | 56 (80.0) | 338 (95.5) | .005 |
| Ondansetron | 3 (4.3) | 170 (48.0) | .000 |
| Oral rehydration solution | 59 (84.3) | 345 (97.5) | .003 |
| Promethazine | 0 (0.0) | 8 (2.3) | .003 |
| Vitamin A | 49 (70.0) | 307 (86.7) | .004 |
| Vitamin C | 56 (80.0) | 341 (96.3) | .001 |
| Zinc sulphate | 4 (5.7) | 49 (13.8) | .056 |
Data are presented as no. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: ETU, Ebola treatment unit; IVF, intravenous fluid; SD, standard deviation.