Winkens 1995.

Methods	Type of targeted behaviour: modifying test ordering (various) Study design: cluster RCT (balanced incomplete block design) Country: The Netherlands
Participants	Setting: primary care 79 providers Condition: various conditions potentially requiring diagnostic tests, including cervical smear, electrocardiography, endoscopy, allergy tests, radiography (chest, cervical spine, pelvis, knees, ankles, sinuses) and ultrasound (kidneys, liver/biliary tract)
Interventions	1. Professional intervention (audit and feedback for one set of tests) 2. Professional intervention (audit and feedback for another set of tests) Due to study design and that musculoskeletal conditions only included in one arm of trial, this study represented as single intervention vs a no‐intervention control
Outcomes	Professional practice: number of diagnostic tests ordered within 2 years; diagnostic tests concordant with guideline Patient level: none
Notes	Justification for intervention type: not clear Intervention fidelity: not clear Data not available. Data not presented for individual tests
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Adequate sequence generation?	Unclear risk	Not reported
Allocation concealment?	Unclear risk	Not reported
Blinding? All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not reported
Incomplete outcome data addressed? All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not reported
Free of selective reporting?	Unclear risk	Insufficient information provided
Free of other bias?	Unclear risk	Not reported

BMD: bone mineral density; CCT: controlled clinical trial; CT: computerised tomography; ITS: interrupted time series; LBP: low back pain; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; NSAIDs: non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs; RCT: randomised controlled trial; UK: United Kingdom; USA: United States of America