Comparison 2. Conditional cash transfers (CCT) versus no intervention.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
2.1 Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS)	2		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.45 [0.25, 0.65]
2.2 Proportion stunted (height‐for‐age z‐score (HAZ) < ‐2SD) – RCTs	3		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐2.51 [‐7.78, 2.75]
2.3 Proportion with severe stunting (HAZ < ‐3 SD) – RCTs	2		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐3.05 [‐17.63, 11.53]
2.4 HAZ – RCTs	5		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.09 [0.04, 0.15]
2.5 Proportion stunted (HAZ < ‐2 SD) – PCS	2		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐5.63 [‐26.59, 15.34]
2.6 HAZ – PCS	3		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.03 [‐0.06, 0.12]
2.7 Proportion wasted (weight‐for‐height z‐score (WHZ) < ‐2 SD) – RCTs	2		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐2.50 [‐8.04, 3.04]
2.8 WHZ – RCTs	2		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.17 [‐0.11, 0.44]
2.9 Proportion underweight (weight‐for‐age z‐score (WAZ) < ‐2SD) – RCTs	3		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐4.87 [‐8.65, ‐1.09]
2.10 Proportion severely underweight (WAZ < ‐3 SD) – RCTs	2		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐1.08 [‐4.73, 2.57]
2.11 WAZ – RCTs	3		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.04 [‐0.03, 0.11]
2.12 BMI‐for‐age z‐score – PCS	2		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
2.13 Cognitive test scores – RCTs	2		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.13 [0.09, 0.18]
2.14 Proportion reporting being ill in past 4 weeks/parents seeking care for illness past 2 weeks – RCTs	3		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.28 [‐5.92, 5.35]
2.15 Overweight (BMI z‐score > 2 SD)_PCS	2		Odds Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI)	1.00 [0.59, 1.71]