Abd Hamid 2013.

Study characteristics
Methods	Randomised controlled trial
Participants	Inclusion criteria: Birth weight > 2.3 kg Total serum bilirubin > 300 μmol/L if infants were beyond 48 hours of age, or > 250 μmol/L if less than 48 hours of age Exclusion criteria: Babies with serum bilirubin above the exchange transfusion level Congenital abnormalities Presence of direct hyperbilirubinaemia > 20% Presence of infection Mean (SD) age in days at recruitment: Intervention = 5.12 (2.09) Control = 5.82 (6.85) Mean (SD) body weight in kg of participants: Intervention = 3.08 (0.44) Control = 3.06 (0.37)
Interventions	Single phototherapy with reflective curtains (n = 78) vs double phototherapy (n = 78)
Outcomes	Mean decrease in SB after 4 hours phototherapy (n = 153, excluding 3 requiring exchange transfusion) (data not included in the analysis) Mean decrease in SB after 4 hours phototherapy (n = 156, including 3 requiring exchange transfusion) (data included in the analysis) Mean decrease in SB after 10 hours phototherapy (n = 153) Duration of phototherapy Number of exchange transfusions within neonatal period All‐cause mortality at discharge (provided by study authors) Acute life‐threatening event (ALTE) during phototherapy (provided by study authors) Side effects including hypothermia, hyperthermia, dehydration, weight loss, skin rash, bronze discolouration, changes in stool frequency
Notes	Comparison of duration of phototherapy done with Cox proportional hazard. No median value mentioned in the article. Information on mean and SD value of SB at 24 hours and duration of phototherapy given by primary author of the study. Single‐centre study done in Kelantan, Malaysia, from May 2010 to April 2011
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	"Block randomisation, based on a computer generated table, was used for the randomisation of all subjects into either of two groups (control group = double phototherapy, intervention group = single phototherapy with reflecting curtains)"
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	"Only after inclusion in the study, consecutively numbered, sealed and opaque envelopes, carrying the allocation, were opened"
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Participants: neonates by definition blinded, but parents not blinded. Clinicians/Nurses not blinded. The type of intervention may have influenced handling of the baby by parents and by healthcare providers
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Laboratory staff blinded to the study (reported in article); bilirubin measurement objective Comment: we judged that lack of blinding of participants and staff would be unlikely to have an effect on the outcomes reported (changes in bilirubin levels)
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Both per‐protocol analysis and intention‐to‐treat analysis reported. Follow‐up complete
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	No protocol available. All expected outcomes and all outcomes outlined in the methods reported
Other bias	Low risk	No other sources of significant bias identified