Table 2.

Neurocognitive and social cognitive performance and autistic traits in the three groups

	Remission-SZ group (n = 28)	TRS group (n = 30)	ASD group (n = 28)	Analysis
				ANOVA (F-value)	ANOVA (p-value)	Post-hoc (p-value)
						Rem vs. TRS	Rem vs. ASD	TRS vs. ASD
Autistic traits:
AQ [range 0–50: cutoff < 33]	24.32 [7.19]	27.67 [7.75]	33.29[6.17]	11.47	<0.001	0.177	<0.001	0.009
ASQa [range 0–34: cutoff < 13]	6.83 [4.64]	9.09 [5.92]	11.15 [5.57]	3.90	0.025	0.338	0.018	0.381
PARS TR-infancya [range 0–68: cutoff < 9]	4.10 [3.23]	6.23 [4.07]	13.70 [5.72]	27.33	<0.001	0.287	<0.001	<0.001
PARS TR-presenta [range 0–66: cutoff < 20]	9.25 [5.66]	15.86 [6.32]	20.87 [7.01]	17.33	<0.001	0.004	<0.001	0.029
MCCB (T score):
Speed of process	42.00 [8.63]	28.53 [13.26]	46.14[13.70]	16.89	<0.001	<0.001	0.411	<0.001
Attention/vigilance	47.43 [11.49]	35.67 [10.97]	51.46 [9.07]	17.61	<0.001	<0.001	0.331	<0.001
Working memory	42.86 [10.66]	30.90 [14.45]	44.32 [11.27]	10.50	<0.001	0.001	0.896	<0.001
Verbal learning	35.50 [8.50]	30.70 [5.92]	46.61 [10.48]	26.74	<0.001	0.043	0.001	<0.001
Visual learning	49.04 [8.57]	39.07 [14.26]	50.39 [7.25]	10.00	<0.001	0.006	0.799	<0.001
Problem solving	53.29 [11.64]	43.77 [10.60]	53.11 [9.93]	7.53	0.001	0.003	0.998	0.004
Social cognition (MSCEIT)	36.07 [11.73]	27.37 [12.85]	37.11 [11.77]	5.68	0.005	0.021	0.945	0.008
False-belief tasks (5 tasks) [range 0–5]	4.29 [0.94]	3.50 [0.86]	3.75 [1.08]	5.02	0.009	0.007	0.098	0.584

Data are mean [SD].

ANOVA: analysis of variance, AQ: Autism-Spectrum Quotient, ASD: autism spectrum disorder, ASQ: Autism Screening Questionnaire, MCCB: MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, Rem: remission schizophrenia, PARS TR: Pervasive Developmental Disorder Assessment Rating Scales Text Revision., SZ: schizophrenia, TRS: treatment-resistant schizophrenia.

^aPARS-TR (infancy and present data) and ASQ were available from 65 patients (RemSZ, n = 20; TRS, n = 22; ASD, n = 23) and 72 patients (RemSZ, n = 23; TRS, n = 23; ASD, n = 26), respectively.